Dipole Antenna 101 - Yese Mibvunzo Yako Yakapindurwa munzvimbo Imwe

  

Iyo dipole iri nyore antenna ine conductive waya tsvimbo yakakamurwa nepakati pamwe nekukamurwa neinodzikisira. Iyi mhando yeredhiyo antenna inoburitsa wavelengths zvakapetwa kaviri pakureba kwayo kwekuita kwakanyanya.

  

Zvakaoma kugara uchifambirana nechero imwe yematambudziko e dipole antenna. Kune zvakawanda zvisizvo zvimiro, pamwe nekuti zvinogona kunetsa, zvakare kune nyanzvi munzvimbo ino, kuziva zvauri kutarisa pamhepo pamwe nepa-saiti.

  

Ndosaka tiri pano neDipole Antenna 101, kwauchave nemivhunzo yako yese yakajairika inopindurwa.

  

Dipole Antenna 101

Pazasi pane mimwe mibvunzo yakajairwa inobvunzwa nevanoita zvekutamba uye zvakare vatengi vanoita tsvakiridzo yavo pane antenna. Dzvanya mukati kuti uzive mhinduro dzese.

  

  

Chii Dipole Antennas Inoshandiswa?

Dipole antennas ndeimwe yeakajairika mhando dzeantennae. Anogona kushandiswa sekumira-oga kana mamwe akawanda anonetsa masisitimu ekupenya simba uye kutumira mameseji pamusoro pemafaro makuru.

  

Chimiro, chimiro, chiyero, uye zvakare kujairana zvese zvinoenderana nekuti chidzidzo chinodyidzana sei nemasaisai eredhiyo, senge maintercoms ezvinangwa zvakasiyana sekutambira kutepfenyura kana kugamuchirwa kweredhiyo.

  

SeHF Cord Dipole

HF tambo dipole ndeye ane mukurumbira antenna yeredhiyo transmitters uye zvakare vanogamuchira kuMF neHF nguva dzose. Nepo marongerwo eiyi transmitter/receiver system yachinja nekufamba kwenguva, kuita kwayo kunoramba kwakafanana:

  

   

Inoita kuti zvikwanisike kuti masaini atumirwe pane aya maviri anogara achisiyana zvisingaite. Maredhiyo mazhinji emaamateur achiri kushandisa iyi antenna yekutepfenyura nekuda kwekuti akavimbika uye anokwanisika kupfuura mamwe akasiyana antenna ane emhando yepamusoro mhedzisiro kana zvimwe zvinhu zvakajairika.

    

Driving Element

A dipole antenna ndiyo inotyaira chikamu cheYagi antenna. Kazhinji, aya antenna anopetwa kuitira kuti kuramba kwavo kuenderane zvirinani nemutsara wekudyisa, uye kune kushomeka kwechiratidzo chekurasikirwa panguva dzepamusoro semhedzisiro yeparasitics mune zvimwe zvikamu zvakasiyana zvemhando.

  

  

Iyo dhizaini inoshanda nemazvo kune akati wandei marudzi epasi tv reception, walkie-talkie kutaurirana, basic radio basa, zvichingodaro.

   

Ipa Omnidirectional Dziviriro

Dipole antenna, kana ichishandiswa pachayo senge kumusoro uye pasi polarized antenna kupa omnidirectional kufukidzwa. Kazhinji inogona kushandiswa nenzira iyi kune yakasarudzika nharembozha:

   

  

Aya ndiwo maviri-nzira eredhiyo ekutaurirana masisitimu anotaurirana uye zvakare kuchengetedza kudyidzana nemasevhisi kana mamwe makambani, anosanganisira mhinduro dzechimbichimbi.

  

Basa Mukati Parabolic Reflector Antennas

Parabolic reflector antennas anowanzo shandiswa mukudyidzana kwesetiraiti, radio astronomy, uye chero rudzi rwekutaurirana rwunodaidza chinongedzo chakareba.

   

Aya parabolic antennas anoshanda nekutungamira simba rinobva kune imwe kana kupfuura inofambiswa zvinhu kuti isanganise pane imwe nzvimbo.

   

    

Ivo vanogona kurekodhwa zvakabudirira neimwe yekuwedzera yekuwana chikamu, senge dipole antenna yakaiswa pavari, saka simba ravo rinokwidziridzwa risati raritumira muchadenga zvakare.

   

Nguva Yekushandisa Dipole Antenna?

Paunenge uchishandisa dipole antenna kune ese ari maviri transmissions pamwe nemabasa, zvinodikanwa kuti utarise kutungamira kwechiratidzo chako.

   

Iyo antenna inotumira inotumira mameseji nekushandura masaini emagetsi kuita mafungu emagetsi mune imwe kuraira, nepo antenna yekuwana ichishandura aya mafungu mamwe chete kumashure mune iyi yekutanga mirairo.

     

Dipoles anowanzo kuwanikwa sematransmitter sezvo achipa zvirinani kusimba kwechiratidzo kana kutepfenyura nemazinga akaderedzwa emagetsi kupfuura mamwe akasiyana antenna.

   

Zvakangodaro, iwe haugone kana kuziva, zvisinei, kune dipole antenna pane chero kumagumo kwefoni yako mutsara - imwe ichishanda semupepeti uye imwe seanogamuchira. Anowanzo shanda zvakafanana pamativi ese ari maviri!

  

Nekune rimwe divi, Half-wave dipole antenna ine mukurumbira kune redhiyo, terevhizheni, uye mamwe mawaya ekutaurirana michina.

   

     

Panzvimbo pekugadzirisa zvakanyanya kuoma, anoshandiswa, akadai seYagi-Uda antennas anowanzo kuwanikwa paTerestrial Terevhizheni ane mitsetse yakanyatsodzikama (Z 0 = 300 Ω).

   

MaFolded Dipoles anowana nzvimbo yavo pakati pehukuru hwekutapurirana masimba sekufambisa kweFM kana nhepfenyuro yeTV. Iwo anogona kugadziridzwa kuti aenderane aripo ekutapurirana mutsara insusceptibility pasina kushushikana pamusoro pekufananidza kupokana ivo pachavo.

  

Iyo VHF uye zvakare UHF antennas ndiyo yakanyatsokodzera nzvimbo dzeCoastal, maindasitiri ekushandisa, Kuchengetedzwa kwePublic, uye zvakare kutaurirana neruzhinji.

  

Ivo vanopa ari nani akatevedzana asi mashoma simba rekufambisa masaini kupfuura mamwe marudzi eantenna, senge FM dipole antenna, iyo yakashandisa yemukati nhare kutaurirana.

   

Iyo parabolic reflector antennas inogona kuwanikwa pasatellite terevhizheni network seDirecTV kana Meal Network. Ivo vanoishandisa nguva nenguva nekuti vatengi vavo vanogara kure neshongwe dzechirongwa nekuda kwekunetsekana kwenzvimbo.

   

Dipole Antenna Wire Dimension

Kugadzira dipole ibasa riri nyore uye rinochinjika rinogona kugadzirwa netambo gumi kusvika gumi nesere. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti zvichabatsira chero mhando yeantenna, chero frequency renji uye dimension iri.

   

Tambo yemhangura inogona kuwanikwa mune ese akasungwa uye akasimba mhando, izvo zvinoratidza kuti iwe une sarudzo yeasina kana akavharirwa waya zvakare!

   

Kuti ugadzire imwe, gonesa mashoma gumi nemamita (17 metres) kumagumo ega ega uye 10 inches zvakanyanya padivi pekubatanidza magumo ako insulators, mushure meiyo imwezve 6 inches, saka inosvika 12 19/1 ft kureba. apedza.

   

Dipole Antennas Directional?

Iyo dipole antenna yakaverengerwa kwemakore nekuda kwekuti iri dhizaini yakatwasuka inopa kuita kwakatanhamara. Imwe yeanonyanya kurongeka eiyo dipole ine 2 conductor yakanangana kumagumo-kusvika-kumagumo, ayo anodyiswa neRF simba panzvimbo yavo yepakati nekubatanidza kuburikidza nekoax tambo.

   

Panogona kunge paine zvakakura kupfuura mhepo nezvinhu; urikuda kuwana zvikwangwani zveredhiyo zvakaita semateshi eterevhizheni pamwe nemasatelliti ekudyidzana.

    

Dipoles mapfupi antenna anogona kushandiswa sevagamuchiri vane simba. Kucheka poindi yekudyisa kunoigadzira kuti iite ruzha pane imwe nguva sekunge iri kudzura tambo dzegitare.

    

Nerubatsiro rwe dipole antennas, unogona kushanda zviri nyore zvinoenderana neyako yaunoda wavelength.

   

   

Iyi yepakati-yakadyiswa hafu-wave dipole antenna ine saizi pasi pe 1/2 wave. Inonyanya kushandiswa sechikonzero chekubatsira kwayo pamwe nekubudirira mukumhanya pamusoro pemadaro mapfupi uchichengetedza kusimba kwekugamuchira kunoshamisa.

  

Iyo radiation maitiro ehafu-wave dipole idiki. Iyi mitsetse mitete, inogara iine nzvimbo yakakwira yakatwasuka kune conductor yakanakisa pakubata masaisai eredhiyo kumativi ese pasina kudonhedza simba rechiratidzo zvakare nekukasira apo iwo inch zviri nani kwauri.

   

Iyo omnidirectional antenna. Inoiswa kumusoro uye pasi. Zvakangodaro, inogona zvakare kuve neinotungamira hunhu hwepamusoro kana yaiswa yakachinjika, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kunanga kwakasiyana zvinangwa usingade kugadzirisa yako kuseta kana kutungamira mirairo kuti uwane basa riri nani!

   

Ita Dipole Antennas Inodiwa Kuti Igadzirwe

Kudzika chinhu chinodiwa kune mamwe antenna anodaidzira kuti antenna igadzirwe, senge quarter-wave verticals.

   

Kana iwe ukashandisa "yakazara" mhando yeantennas senge dipoles kana ndege dzepasi, kugadzika hakudaidzwe nekuti yakajairika modhi mafungu anodzivirirwa kupinda mufodhi yako nekuvachengeta kubva pairi;

   

Zvisineyi, kushandisa isina kukwana mhepo inofambiswa nemhepo ine zvikumbiro zvazvino uye zvinodikanwa zvemagetsi (senge hafu-wave) zvinoda kudzika.

    

Izvi zvinogona kuuya kuburikidza nekubatanidza tambo imwe pachigadziko, painonamirwa kumucheto kwayo, uyezve imwe waya inopinda muvhu / pasi kuti igadzirise kushomeka kwekudzivirira kunodiwa kana uchitumira huwandu hwakanyanya hwemagetsi eradiofrequency pamafrequency asingasviki 30 MHz.

   

Chaizvoizvo Iwe Unogadzika sei Dipole Antenna?

A dipole antenna inhengo-mbiri antenna inogona kusungirirwa pasi, zvisinei, izvi hazvichengetedze chero chinhu kubva kumheni.

   

Kudzivirirwa kunobva pakuva nenzvimbo imwe chete yekupinda mugetsi kune ese ari maviri enzvimbo yemagetsi kusiyana nekuibatanidza kune imwe magumo chete, izvo zvinozokonzera mapoinzi akawanda kukonzera kukanganisa.

   

Bvisa antenna pamberi pese kurova kwakatwasuka. Izvi zvichapa kumwe kuchengetedzeka uye zvakare zvinoda kuitwa nekukurumidza kudzikisa mikana yako yekurohwa.

   

Zvakadaro, panongobviswa pachiteshi, mafashama ese epasi anogona kuyerera nepairi, zvinoreva kuti kurova kwemheni isina kunanga kungangokonzera kukanganisa kunyangwe munhu akadziviswa kupesvedzera zvakananga mukuwedzera kwatiri!

   

   

Kudzika antenna chaiyo, iyo coax gadhi inofanirwa kudzikiswa. Izvo zvakakosha kuti ushandise balun chaiyo kana iwe uri kushandisa akati wandei asina kuenzana mafidhi panzvimbo yako yekupinda chiteshi.

  

Pazvinogoneka, zviri nani kuve nenzvimbo yekudya uye batanidza iyo necoax kubva panobatanidzwa transceiver kupinda muhurongwa hwako bvisa chivakwa;

    

Izvi zvinogadzira zvirinani RF yekumisikidza pamwe ne insulate inopesana neRFI inounzwa nematambo emagetsi akavakidzana, ayo anogona kuburitsa ruzha mumhando ipi neipi yekuenzanisa mutsara wekudyisa antenna ari padyo navo.

    

Kubvumidzwa kwakadaro kungasave kunowanikwa zviri nyore, saka zvakadaro, chengetedza zvimwe zviito senge kumhanya-inogumira kubatana kunze (nekudzivirira kwakakodzera mheni) pakati pemagumo emitsara iyi. Iwo akabatanidzwa kwechinguva mukati panguva imwe chete.

   

Ko Dipole Antennas Inoda Kururama?

Kukwirisa kushanda kwe antenna, isu tinofanirwa kuvandudza dhizaini yedu tine imwe nzvimbo mupfungwa.

  

Zvingave zvine mufungo kwatiri kuti titarise zvinhu zvekuganhura uye zvinogona kutyisidzira tisati taita chero sarudzo, sezvo izvi zvingave kana kuti zvingave dambudziko pazasi.

  

Kuisa antenna kazhinji kwakaoma kupfuura zvaungatenda. Dipole antennas haifanirwe kuisirwa mumutsara wekurudyi, wakachinjika uye unogona kuchinjika kana kusagi sezvinodiwa.

   

Nekudaro, rangarira ivo maRF conductor! Kuti umise njodzi dzekuchengetedza nekuchengetedza senge tambo dzemagetsi dzichibata antenna yako, dziise zvakachengeteka kure kubva kune chero imwe kondakita, chigadzirwa chinopfuta, pamwe nekunze kwekusvika kwevanopfuura.

   

Chaizvoizvo Dipole Antenna Inopenya sei?

A dipole antenna imhando yakajairika yeantenna, kazhinji inosanganisira maviri conductive zvinhu. Iro zita rekuti "dipole" rinoratidza kuti dipole rine aya maviri mapositi kana zvinhu--pakarepo kana iripo ichiyerera mazviri, electromagnetic wave kana redhiyo siginecha ichavhenekerwa kunze kubva mairi.

    

Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairwa, pane akati wandei mapoinzi aunofanirwa kuziva nezverudzi urwu: chekutanga, iyo inoburitsa chikamu (kana chikamu) inogona kupatsanurwa kuita chinhu chimwe (chinonzi monopoles).

    

Chechipiri chezvose, kunyangwe ivo vachinyanya kuumbwa nekuipatsanura pasi nepakati, izvo zvinoreva zvakare simba rekutapurirana rinogona kuuya nekunangana;

   

Kurebesa izvo zvinoburitsa, kana "makumbo," pane dipole antenna ndizvo, zvakanyanya kushanda zvakanyanya.

  

Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti imwe neimwe simba parinosvika kumagumo mushure mekutora rwendo kudzika negumbo rimwe retambo, iyo mari yakafanana inofambiswa pamakumbo ese panguva imwe chete iyo ichidzokera kumusoro zvakare kune imwe rwendo rwekudzokera-kutenderera. .

   

Maitiro ekugadzira iyo FM Dipole Antenna?

Izvo hazvina kumbobvira zvave nyore kugadzira yako chaiyo yehupfumi FM dipole antenna, uye zvakare haudi zvakare musangano! Iwe unogona kugadzira imwe muimba yepamusoro kana yedenga system mukamuri nemari shoma.

   

   

Aya antennas akanakira nzvimbo dzemukati dzemba yako dzisingasvike kune chiratidzo chekunze semakamuri edenga remba. Iwo anogona zvakare kushandiswa kana paine kamwe kamwe kudikanwa kwenguva pfupi kwekuwedzera kufukidzwa pa-saiti senge pane dzimwe nguva dzinoitika kunze nguva nenguva.

   

Inobvumira kukurukura maitiro ekugadzira iyo FM Dipole Antenna:

   

Step 1

Kuita iyo FM dipole antenna Chekutanga, cheka imwe yewaya dzako nepakati uye wobvisawo kota-inch kubva kumigumo yese kuratidza imwe waya yemhangura. Mushure mekutendeuka ikoko, tambo mbiri idzo kuita madenderedzwa madiki pamakona akakodzera kune ese akasiyana (izvi zvinokupa iwe zvinotaridzika senge X) ine insulation kushamwaridzana kumativi ese.

   

Step 2

Zvino tora magumo ayo asina kubviswa uye anamira zvakachengetedzeka pane imwe nzvimbo iyo maburi akabatanidzwa dhonza kubva kune mumwe kune mumwe-- tenda sunga-kuputira!

   

Simbi screw inofanirwa kushanda, zvakare, kana iwe usina chero rudzi rwematayi anobatsira, Zvakadaro, ita shuwa kuti chinhu chidiki chese chinogara chakanaka uye zvakare chakaganhurirwa saka hapana nzvimbo pakati pedenderedzwa rinotenderera kuti mhepo ipinde mazviri.

    

Chiitiko 3

Iyo dhizaini ye dipole antenna yakakosha kuitira kuti uwane yakanyanya kunaka basa. Hukuru hukuru hweiyi radio wave chokwadi hungave 150 cm, izvo zvinoturikira kuita 75 centimita padivi.

   

Izvi zvichanyatsoita kuti zvive nyore kuwana zviteshi zvinofambisa mune zvakadzikiswa makumi mashanu muzana eFM bhendi nekuti resonance frequency inowira mukati meidzi nzvimbo nguva zhinji kupfuura dzimwe, uye kana iwe uchida kugara uchikwira, ingo deredza ne5-10 CMS. dzinenge!

  

Hukuru hwetambo hunogona kusungwa netambo kana shinda, izvo zvinozoita kuti zvive nyore kuvaka chero kupi kubva kune yako yekumusoro mari inodhura ichidzika panzvimbo yakavhurika pazasi sedhigirii repasi.

   

Iwe unogona kuyera saizi yewaya nekuiendesa kumagumo ayo uye usingasanganisi chero rudzi rwechikamu chiri mumapfundo kana kaviri kumashure.

   

Chiito chekuvhara waya idzi zvirokwazvo chichawedzera imwe inductance kwairi, izvo zvingaite kuti ive imwe shuwawo mabasa ekugamuchira. Nekudaro, zvine rombo rakanaka, kana imba yako parizvino yakashongedzerwa netambo dzecoax dzakamisikidzwa, chaunofanirwa kuita kuabatanidza mumwe nemumwe uchishandisa adapta inoenderana kumagumo ega ega.

    

Step-4

Kuisa antenna yako zvakakwana kwakakosha kuti uve nechokwadi chechiratidzo chakasimba. Zvinhu zvesimbi padhuze nekunoperera antenna zvinogona kukanganisa kugamuchirwa, saka ita shuwa kuti unoiisa kure nesimbi pamwe chete nemamwe mablockages akasiyana-siyana sezvinobvira kuti uwane mhedzisiro!

    

Isa antenna munzvimbo yako yepamusoro mushure mekunyatso funga nezve ese ari nyore sarudzo. Mushure meizvozvo isa imwe magumo pachipikiri uye zvakare akasiyana mamwe anopera pasi nehuremu kana imwe mhando kuti ugare wakajeka pane chero zvinonetsa nekudonha. Iyo coax inotungamirwa kure nemakona akanakisa kubva panguva ino, yakakwira sezvaunogona kupa matambudziko aya!

    

Chii chinonzi Folded Dipole Antenna?

Iyo slim tambo loophole inogona kugadzirwa nekubatanidza 2 hafu-wave dipoles padivi pefomu yekutanga. Iyi tambo yakatetepa yekugara kana yekutengesa zvivakwa yakafanana neiyo biquad pamwe ne monopole antennas, zvisinei, ine humwe hunhu hwayo zvakare!

   

Mahafu ese ari maviri anogutsa pane yavo yepakati chinhu, uko magumo ega ega anouya kuzobatanidzwa kuburikidza neakaenzana yekuisa saka iwe uine yakaenzana mafungu anoenda kumativi ese ari maviri.

    

Nekudaro, inovandudza diki marongero ekubata nyore nyore pamakero madiki nekuda kwekuti imba yacho haisvikike kana idiki kwazvo.

   

    

Iyo yakajairika dipole pateni ndiyo yakangofanana, zvisinei, dipole rakapetwa rine zvakawanda zvekuisa kusabatika pane zvakajairwa nekuda kwemarongerwo ayo uye geometry. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti ichave nemwaranzi shoma mune mamwe mafambiro nekuda kwekuti kune maviri antennas mukati pane imwe chete.

   

Chii chinonzi Hertzian Dipole Antenna?

Heinrich Rudolph Hertz akagadzira rudzi urwu rwedipole antenna muna 1886. Iwaya-yakavakirwa antenna inogona kugadzirwa kubva chero mhando yemagetsi wiring size ine chinhu chinofambiswa neRF panzvimbo.

   

Aya antenna anoshanda uye zvakare haana kuomesesa nekuda kwekuti haana zvikamu zvekutamisa uye anoshanda nemazvo kufambisa kana kuwana radiofrequency simba sezvaungada iwowo!

    

   

Iyo iripo amplitude inodzikira zvakaenzana pane izvi, kutanga payakakwana panzvimbo uye ichiguma pasina zvachose kumagumo ega ega, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kutumira meseji yako munzvimbo ino inoshanduka-shanduka yatinodaidza Planet pasina kushandisa simba rakawandisa!

   

Nei Dipole Antennas Ari Hafu-Wave Yakareba?

Dipole antennas inzira inotyisa yekushandisa simba remasaisai eredhiyo. Tambo inoumba rudzi urwu rweantenna inogona kudzikiswa uye yakakombama nenzira dzakasiyana, zvichitsamira pakuti iwe unoshuvira sei kupenya chiratidzo chayo (kureva, kutumira mafungu emagetsi).

   

Muenzaniso wakakurumbira ungave iwo hafu-wave dipole, iyo ine nzvimbo mbiri dzinosangana nemagumo adzo akapfupikiswa, ayo akaenzana nemagetsi.

   

Sokunge chikamu chimwe chakadimburwa pasi nechepakati chakatwasuka uye mushure mazvo chakabatana zvakare kumashure panzvimbo yacho yakatwasuka!

   

   

Iyo frequency yakasiyana yehafu-wave dipole, inova 3KHz kusvika 300GHz, yakanyatso kushandiswa mumaredhiyo ekugamuchira kwemakore.

   

Izvi zvinoratidza kuti antenna inogona kutora masaini kubva kune ese mafrequency mukati meiyi yakakura spectrum pamwe nekuvapa sechiratidzo chemagetsi kuti ukudzwe nezvimwe zvakasiyana zvikamu.

  

Aya antenna anowanzo shandiswa mumaredhiyo uye zvakare materevhizheni kuvandudza mashandiro. Iwo anogona zvakare kubatanidzwa nemamwe marudzi eantennae kune akasiyana maapplication, senge pakutepfenyura masaini pasi rese.

    

Chii chinonzi Balun? Sei Isu tichida Izvo muDipole Antenna?

   

   

Tsanangudzo

Mabhaluni anoshandiswa semagetsi emagetsi anoshandura simba mumutsara wakanyatsogadzikana kune simba rekunze.

   

Magetsi anogona kutumirwa kuburikidza newaya yepasi uye obva ashandurwa kuita simba rinoshanda kune akawanda maturusi mukati memba yako kana chimiro nekushandisa aya ma transformer anonzi mabhaluni.

   

Mhando dzeBalun

Kune akawanda mabhaluni, zvisinei, ese ari maviri ane mukurumbira uye anowanzo shandiswa ari voltage-mabhaluni uye azvino-mabhaluni.

    

Voltage, pamwe nemabhaluni aripo, anoshandiswa kushandura mazinga evoltage kuita imwe simba remagetsi rinogona kushandiswa nemagetsi emagetsi, zvakanangana nekufambiswa kwemasaini emagetsi.

    

Kunyange pasina imwe-saizi-inokodzera-yese sarudzo yekuvaka imba inoshanda kana network network, kushandisa ingave voltage kana iripo balun inozobatsira kuve nechokwadi kuti unokwanisa kutaurirana zvinobudirira kubva kune chishandiso kune chishandiso pane yako isina waya network.

    

Sei Tichida Balun?

Zvaizobatsira kana iwe uine balun kuona kuti antenna yako yakanyatsobatanidzwa uye inoshanda nekugona kwayo. Imba yakajairika kana femu zvirokwazvo ichava netambo dzinopinda mairi, dzakatenderedza zvinhu zvesimbi, uye dzakavakirwa newaya kuitira kuti simba rirambe richifamba risingasike.

   

Aya magetsi emagetsi anogona kukanganisa masaisai eredhiyo anotamiswa kubva pawaya inofambiswa nemhepo senge dipole antenna.

    

Dambudziko rakaramba rakajeka pakushandisa munhu akasangana nebhaluni kwavanotumira zviri nyore pamusoro pemitsetse yecoaxial pane kuvhiringwa nemamwe masisitimu, senge tambo dzemagetsi dzepadzimba, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kukanganisa mukutepfenyura chiratidzo chesimba.

  

   

Iine balun, yako dipole antenna, pamwe neako emagetsi sisitimu, haagone kukanganiswa kubva kune chero rudzi rwekunze kwemauto. Tambo dzemagetsi dzinosimbisa dzimba dzenyu dzinounza mafambiro emagetsi anotenderera achitenderedza zvinhu zvakagadzirwa nesimbi kana tsvina, izvo zvinokanganisa kufambiswa kwemhepo.

   

Izvi zvinodaro nekuti ivo vakashongedzwa nemidziyo yakachengeteka senge matransformer anodzivirira kutenderera kwemhepo kubva pakupwanya zvinongedzo.

   

Zvinoreva kuti iwe unosarudza kusashandisa balun paunenge uchibatanidza tambo dzeantenna yako. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, pane nguva dzose kutyisidzira kwekutenderera kwemhepo kunodyisa kupindira kweredhiyo mairi uye kukanganisa chinongedzo chayo.

    

Dipole Antenna vs. Omni

Pfungwa yeomnidirectional antenna ingori pfungwa yedzidzo. Hakuna chinhu chakadai sechimwe nekuti zvingave zvakaoma kudzoreredza mapatani emwaranzi yemirairo yese kubva kune chero rudzi rwenzvimbo imwe chete mudenga;

     

Saka kunyangwe ukagadzira imwe kubva pane chimwe chinhu chisiri simbi uye wotumira masaini kuburikidza nayo--huru huru kana mvura, idzo dziri zvinhu zvakasiyana nemasaisai akaita seane antennas-- haakwanise kusvika chinhu chidiki chese kamwechete.

    

Iyo hafu-wavelength dipole ndiyo imwe yeakareruka antenna yekutumira mafungu eredhiyo. Inoshanda nekutumira chiratidzo pamakona akakodzera kubva panzvimbo yayo yepakati, semarin'i maviri ane antenna nekuvhurwa kwawo.

    

Izvi zvinogadzira yakakosha magineti inogona kubatwa pamwe nekudzoserwa kune ese mapoinzi asi kwete zvakananga kana pasi nekuda kwekuti iwo masaini anozopinzwa mune chimwe chinhu sezvavanotora rwendo vachidzika zvakanyanya vasati vasvika kune chero munhu. mugamuchiri.

  

    

Iyo yakatwasuka dipole antenna inotungamira, yakakura yakananga kumativi asi isiri kubva kune chero kumagumo. Nzira yekukwirisa iyi inotungamira inonzi "kutendeuka" tambo inogona kushandiswa kana iwe uchida chiratidzo chako mune imwe nzira yakakura kupfuura mamwe;

   

Zvakangodaro, zvinoda humwe hunyanzvi pamwe nehunyanzvi hwekuti antennas inoshanda sei zvakanyanya usati waedza chero chakadaro pakurongeka chaiko.

   

Parizvino, Paunosiyanisa iyo Omni kune dipole pasimba rakaenzana, zviri pachena kuti pane zvakatonyanya kutungamira kubva kune dipoles. Izvi zvinoitika nekuda kwekuti kana zvisizvo, mhedziso kubva pakupedzwa kweantenna yega yega inozoraswa mativi ayo.

   

Musiyano uripo pakati pawo unogona kukwira kusvika ka1.5 kukwira kune mamwe ma antennas pane mamwe achivimba nemamiriro azvo maererano neminda yemumwe nemumwe (saka izvi zvinoratidza kuti vanogona kuburitsa kana kunyudza simba).

   

Dipole Antenna vs Monopole

Musiyano wakakosha pakati pe dipole antenna uye zvakare monopole ndeyekuti yekupedzisira inodaidzira yakawedzerwa radiator inogadzira iyo ndege yepasi, nepo yekutanga isingaite.

   

Iyo yemukati conductor yecoax tambo inonamira kunze-kwe-chikamu 180 mazinga nemaconductor ekunze kuti ishande sehafu yeantenna dipole.

   

Kune rudzi urwu rwemagadzirirwo, panoda chete zvinongedzo pamativi ese, saka hapana akatsanangurwa zvikamu sezvaungawana mune mamwe masitayera, seaya anoshandisa RCA tambo kana nzeve dzetsuro.

    

Ingozvibatanidza mugamuchire wako! Monopole ine ndege inotaridza iri padanho repasi; izvi zvinoratidza kuti tine chimwe chinhu chenyama chakanyorwa pazasi pedu chinoshanda senzvimbo yedu inopenya.

    

Monopoles uye dipole antennas ese ane mafanirwo emwaranzi akafanana. Nekudaro, maMonopolar antennas anoona chokwadi chekuti iwo zvakare akasiyana kubva kune mamwe marudzi emasaisai eredhiyo.

   

Mamiriro emonopole antenna anowanzo kudzora, sezvo chiyero chayo chichida zvinhu zvekufona pasi izvo zvinoderedza kuita. Nekune rimwe divi, dipoles ari nyore nyore uye anogona kuiswa zvakanaka nekukurumidza pasina kukanda mapfumo pasi.

   

    

Dipole antennas akajairika kupfuura monopoles, zvichiratidza kuti kune yakakura siyana yemhando dze dipole. Imwe yemhando dzinonyanya kufarirwa ndeye hafu-wavelength antenna iyo inogona kuoneka munzvimbo dzakawanda seAM radio uye zvakare masaini eterevhizheni uye zvakare naval yakaderera-frequency siginecha masisitimu.

    

Monopoles ine mashoma akasiyana, zvisinei, achiri kushandiswa kufambisira senge mota radio radio kana program transmitters. Tambo dzepasi dzinoverengeka dzinopa kukwidziridza mapatani emwaranzi ichipa kuita kurinani kutepfenyura nekukanganisa kushoma kubva kune mamwe masosi.

   

Dipole Antenna vs. Long Cord

Yakareba tambo antenna imwe gadget yakavakwa kubva kune chero mhando yesimbi saizi, semhangura kana aluminium. Ingori chidimbu chimwe chete chakatwasuka chesimbi muchimiro chayo chekutanga, uyezve hapana chimwe-sezvinorehwa nezita!

   

Tambo refu dzinovimbika chete kana ukadzigadzika neimwe nzira kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti dzinowana masaini (zvichida nekudzika pamigumo yese nepuraneti pole kana kubatanidza yakananga mune yako inogamuchira).

   

Chimiro chakajairwa chinowanzo shanda kune HF frequency kusvika makumi matatu MHz, asi kana uine imwe nguva yakawedzerwa pamaoko ako, mhando dzakawanda dzinoita zvirinani kana dzichishandiswa kune dzakati wandei marudzi.

   

Kune rimwe divi, A dipole antenna imhando inoshanda uye isina kuoma yeantenna. Inogona kugadzirwa zvakafanana kune refu waya antenna ine zvidiki zvigadziriso, senge zvinosanganisira kuchengetedza zvinhu kune imwe mugumo kuti zvichengetedze kubva pakudonha ichitenderedza pachayo.

    

Neimwe nzira, kushandisa tambo mbiri dzehukuru hwakasimudzwa pasina kurasikirwa nemhando yechiratidzo. Dipoles inogona kumhanya pakati peHF kumusoro kuburikidza neUHF mazinga nekungoshandura saizi yetambo yauri kushandisa.

    

Kana vanhu vazhinji vachifunga nezve antenna, vanofunga nezvemudziyo unotora masaisai eredhiyo woashandura kuita zviratidzo zvemagetsi zvinoshanda. Dipole inoita chimwe chinhu chinofananidzwa zvisinei pasina chikonzero chekuti magetsi agadziriswe kuitira kuti ashande zvakanaka.

  

Izvi zvinodaro nekuti tambo refu antennas dzinotsamira pakugadzika nePlanet sechikamu chemaitiro avo.

  

Zvakadaro, kana yaiswa pakakwirira semapango kana shongwe pasina chimwe chinhu chinovaka muvakidzani (kunze kwepasi), kudzivirira kwemheni kunova kushoma semugumisiro wekuparadzaniswa zvakanyanya kubva kune zvinogona kurova.

  

Chaizvo Kuziva Dipole Antenna Transmission Capacity?

Iyo bandwidth ye dipole antenna inotemerwa neformula, Transmission capacity = f max - f min. Izvi zvinomiririra iyo yakakwana gadziriso mu frequency iyo antenna inogona kuenderana ichiri kuchengetedza kunyatsoshanda.

   

Inongozivisa kuti wakawanda sei musiyano uripo pakati peakaderera uye zvakare akakwira ma frequency ekugadzirisa zvakanyanya. Semuenzaniso, kana iwe wakabatana nebhendi kubva pa100 kusvika 200 MHz mushure meizvozvo Δf ingasvika 50MHz (200-100 = 50).

   

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, isu tinofanirwa kuziva huwandu hwese hwenguva dzose pane iyo dipoles inogadzirwa kuti imhanye nekuti ine akasiyana ekuita contour pamagumo ega ega edhizaini yavo.

   

Mumwe anogona kushanda zvirinani padyo nenzvimbo yake yekucheka padyo neDC asi zvisina kufanira kana akaiswa padhuze nemagumo emhando yemhando apo imwe antenna iri nani.

   

Izvi zvinogona kusiyana zvichienderana nekuti irudzii kana kuti rudzii, saka ita chokwadi kuti unotenga rakagadzirirwa bhendi raunoda kuti rive mariri. Dipole antenna kutapurirana simba kunofanira kuwanzosiyana kubva Δf = 0 (hapana mutsauko pakati pekuderedzwa uye yakakwirira frequency) ku λ/ 20 (a 20% shanduko).

   

Mutemo wakanaka wakajairika ungave: kana hunhu hwako hukadonha mukati mehwindo iri, saka hapazove nechero rudzi rwekuparadza kunoonekwa kana kukanganisa mune zvese.

   

Nekudaro, kana kujaira kwako kukadonha kupfuura iyi hwindo remba, unogona kubata nedzimwe nyaya nekurasikirwa kwechiratidzo uyezve kukanganisa.

   

Semuenzaniso, kana isu tiine antenna pa145MHz apo yedu yepamusoro nguva inotangira pa160MHz uye zvakare inopera kutenderedza 180 MHz, mushure meiyo Δf = 30MHz, izvo zvinoratidza kuti isu tingazosangana nekudonha kwakanyanya kusashanda pamwe nekuwedzerwa ruzha.

   

Kupedzisa!

   

Pane akawanda akakosha zvinhu zvekufunga nezvazvo kana uchitora dipole antenna yemunhu kuyedza kana hunyanzvi kuwana. Iyo Dipole Antenna 1010 yakagadzirisa imwe yeyakajairwa kubvunza nezve antennas aya, nechinangwa chekubatsira avo vako kufunga nezvekutsvaga zvimwe.