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Medium Wave Antenna

A medium wave antenna or AM antenna or MF antenna (yepakati frequency antenna), imhando yeredhiyo antenna yakagadzirirwa kugamuchira uye kutumira masaini eredhiyo muyepakati frequency (MF) renji, inotangira pa300 kHz kusvika 3 MHz.

 

Padanho rekutanga, antenna yepakati wave inoshanda nekutora masaisai eredhiyo kubva kunharaunda nekuashandura kuita chiratidzo chemagetsi chinogona kugamuchirwa nekugadziriswa neredhiyo inogamuchira. Izvi zvinoitwa kuburikidza nemaitiro anonzi electromagnetic induction, umo masaisai eredhiyo anokwevera mafambiro emagetsi mune inoitisa zvinhu zveantenna. Magetsi anozoendeswa kumidziyo yeredhiyo uchishandisa coaxial cable kana imwe mhando yewaya.

 

Tarisa yedu 10kW AM transmitter pane-saiti yekuvaka vhidhiyo akatevedzana muCabanatuan, Philippines:

 

 

Medium wave antennas anowanzo shandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana siyana dzekushandisa, kusanganisira kutepfenyura, kutaurirana, kufamba, uye tsvakiridzo yesainzi. Aya anotevera mamwe eakakosha mashandisirwo epakati wave antennas:

 

  1. Nhepfenyuro: Medium wave antennas anowanzo shandiswa kutepfenyura masaini eredhiyo padaro refu. Iwo anonyanya kubatsira pakutepfenyura nhau, mimhanzi, uye mamwe marudzi ezvinyorwa zvekuteerera.
  2. Communications: Medium wave antennas anogona zvakare kushandiswa kune maviri-nzira redhiyo kutaurirana, senge mune zvekutengesa uye zvechiuto zvikumbiro. Aya antennas anogona kufambisa kutaurirana kwakavimbika pamusoro pemadaro marefu, kunyangwe munzvimbo dzingave dzisiri kuwanikwa mamwe marudzi ekutaurirana.
  3. Navigation: Medium wave antennas chinhu chakakosha cheredhiyo yekufambisa masisitimu, senge redhiyo mabhekoni anoshandiswa mundege. Aya antennas anobatsira vatyairi kufamba nekupa masaini anogona kushandiswa kuverenga chinzvimbo uye rumwe ruzivo.
  4. Tsvagiridzo yesainzi: Medium wave antennas anoshandiswa mukutsvagisa kwesainzi, sekudzidza ionospheric propagation uye zvimwe zviitiko zvine chekuita nemasaisai eredhiyo. Iwo anoshandiswawo muredhiyo nyeredzi yekuongorora uye kuongorora magetsi emagetsi kubva kunze.

 

Muchidimbu, medium wave antennas anochinja-chinja uye anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumhando dzakasiyana dzekushandisa. Ivo vanoshanda nekubata masaisai eredhiyo kuburikidza nemagetsi induction uye inogona kushandiswa kutepfenyura, kutaurirana, kufamba, kutsvagisa kwesainzi, uye zvimwe zvinangwa zvakawanda.

 

Yepamusoro-soro yepakati wave antenna yakakosha kune yepakati wave radio chiteshi nekuti inokanganisa zvakananga kunaka uye kusimba kwechiratidzo chinofambiswa nechiteshi. Antenna yemhando yepamusoro inogona kuwedzera nhepfenyuro yenhepfenyuro, kugamuchira, uye simba rechiratidzo, zvichikonzera kuita kurinani kwese uye kusvika kwevateereri. 

 

Hezvino zvimwe zvikonzero nei yakakwirira-yepakati wave antenna yakakosha:

 

  • Kuwedzera kuvharwa: Iyo yakanyatsogadzirwa antenna system inobvumira chiteshi kuwedzera nzvimbo yekuvhara, kusvika kune vakawanda vateereri. Iyo antenna yekuwana yakakwirira inogona kutora mune imwe chiratidzo kubva kune inotapurirana, ichiwedzera chinhambwe chinogona kufamba nechiratidzo.
  • Zvirinani chiratidzo chemhando: Antenna yemhando yepamusoro inogona kubatsira kuvandudza mhando yechiratidzo, ichiita kuti isanyanya kukanganiswa kana kukanganisa kubva kune mamwe masaini kana zvakatipoteredza. Izvi zvinotungamirira kuchiratidzo chakajeka, chisingachinjiki kune vateereri.
  • Kugamuchirwa kwakavandudzwa: Antenna yemhando yepamusoro pamagumo ekugamuchira inogona kubatsira kuwedzera simba rechiratidzo chiri kutorwa neredhiyo, zvichitungamira kune iri nani yekugamuchira chiitiko chemuteereri.
  • Mabatirwo emagetsi akakwenenzverwa: Antenna yakanyatsovakwa inokwanisa kubata mazinga emagetsi akakwira pasina kukonzera kukanganisa kana zvimwe zvinhu, izvo zvakakosha kana uchitumira madaro marefu.
  • Regulatory kufuata: Iyo FCC inowanzoda kuti vatepfenyuri vepakati nepakati vatevedzere kune mimwe mitemo nemirau zvine chekuita nemhando uye mhando yeantenna yavanoshandisa. Antenna yemhando inobatsira kuve nechokwadi chekutevedzera iyi mirau.

 

Muchidimbu, yemhando yepamusoro yepakati wave antenna yakakosha kunhepfenyuro nekuti inogona kuwedzera kuvharika, kunatsiridza mhando yechiratidzo, kuwedzera kugamuchirwa, kubata mazinga emagetsi epamusoro, uye kusangana nezvinodiwa. Izvi zvinoita kuti nhepfenyuro nevatereri vanzwe zvirinani.

Mangani marudzi epakati wave antennas aripo?
Kune akati wandei marudzi epakati wave antenna anogona kushandiswa kune yepakati wave chiteshi. Aya anotevera ndiwo anonyanya kufarirwa marudzi epakati wave antennas, pamwe netsananguro yemashandiro aanoita.

1. Vertical Monopole Antenna: Rudzi urwu rweantenna iwaya yakatwasuka kana danda rinomira rakatwasuka uye rakadzikwa pasi. Inoshandiswa kune nhepfenyuro uye ine mwaranzi pateni iyo yakamira polarized, ine simba rakawanda rinovhenekerwa kumusoro. Iyi antenna haidi ndege yepasi, asi inoda yakawedzera pasi system yekuita zvakakwana.

2. Dipole Antenna: Dipole antenna ine waya mbiri dzakaenzana-kureba kana mapango akapatsanurwa neinodzimisa uye anodyiswa netambo yekufambisa yakaenzana. Iyi mhando yeantenna inoshandiswa kune ese ari maviri ekufambisa uye ekugamuchira zviteshi. Kazhinji, dipole antenna inogadzirwa newaya uye yakamisikidzwa yakatwasuka pakati pemapango maviri anotsigira. Dipole antennas ari omnidirectional uye ane mwaranzi pateni iri perpendicular kune waya.

3. T-Antenna: A T-antenna imwe mhando yeantenna inoshandiswa kutepfenyura yepakati-wave. Inoumbwa newaya yakatwasuka (iyo "T") yakabatana kune inotapurirana, ine maviri akachinjika makondakita pazasi peiyo vertical radiator. Idzo waya mbiri dzakachinjika dzinoita segadziriro yepasi. Iyi mhando yeantenna ine mwenje wemwaranzi iyo iri omnidirectional.

4. Ferrite Rod Antenna: Iyo ferrite tsvimbo antenna imhando yeantenna inoshandiswa mune diki inotakurika uye inobatwa nemaoko inogamuchira. Iro simbi-yakaita simbi yepakati yakagadzirwa neferrite material, yakatenderedza iyo inokuvadza coil yewaya kuti iite inductive loop. Iyo ferrite musimboti inowedzera kushanda kweiyo antenna nekuisa iyo magineti yakatenderedza coil. Iwo muenzaniso weinotungamira antenna uye inogona kushandiswa kutsvaga siginecha sosi nekutenderedza antenna kuwana kwainoenda kune yakanyanya simba chiratidzo.

5. Loop Antenna: Loop antennas anoshandiswa kune zvese kugamuchira uye kutumira. Izvo zvinosanganisira loop yewaya kana coil iyo yakarongedzwa muchimiro-chisere chimiro. Aya antennas anoshanda nekuburitsa simba remagineti kana achivhenekerwa neredhiyo iri kuuya. Iyi magnetic field inokonzera magetsi muchiuno, iyo inobva yawedzerwa uye inogadziriswa nemagetsi eredhiyo.

Mukupedzisa, aya ndiwo makuru emhando dzepakati wave antenna anoshandiswa kutepfenyura, kufambisa uye kugamuchira masaini eredhiyo. Antenna yega yega ine yakasarudzika hunhu uye inoshandisa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa chaizvo zvenhepfenyuro kana yekutaurirana system. Kushanda nesimba uye nemwaranzi pateni yeantenna zvinoenderana nedhizaini yayo, kuiswa, uye chimiro chekutsigira.
Antenna yepakati inogona kuvhara kusvika papi?
Kufukidzwa kweyepakati wave antenna kunogona kusiyanisa zvakanyanya zvichienderana nezvinhu zvakati wandei, kusanganisira simba reiyo transmitter, mhando yeantenna inoshandiswa, kureba kweiyo antenna pamusoro pevhu, kuwanda kwechiratidzo, uye conductivity yepasi.

Kazhinji, ine 5-10 kW yepakati wave transmitter uye yakanyatsogadzirwa antenna system, chiteshi chinogona kuvhara nzvimbo ye50-100 mamaira masikati uye 100-300 mamaira kana kupfuura husiku. Nekudaro, kufukidzwa chaiko kunotsamira pazvinhu zvakawanda uye kunogona kusiyana zvakanyanya zvichienderana nenzvimbo chaiyo uye mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza.

Kuvandudza kuvharika kwepakati wave antenna, heano mamwe matipi:

1. Wedzera urefu hwe antenna: Iyo yakakwirira iyo antenna iri pamusoro pevhu, iyo yakakura nzvimbo yekuvhara. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti masaisai eredhiyo anogona kufamba zvakanyanya mumhepo yepamusoro pasina kuvharika kubva pasi.

2. Shandisa repamusoro simba rekufambisa: Kuwedzera simba rekutapurirana kunogonawo kuvandudza kuvharika, asi izvi zvinogona kudhura uye zvingangoda mamwe marezinesi nemidziyo.

3. Shandisa antenna inotungamira: Directional antennas inogona kutarisisa chiratidzo mune imwe nzira, iyo inogona kubatsira kune yakananga nzvimbo uye kuderedza simba rakaraswa.

4. Kuvandudza pasi conductivity: Ground conductivity inoita basa rakakosha mukuvharika kwepakati mafungu ezviteshi. Kuisa iri nani pasi system kana kusarudza nzvimbo ine yakanaka conductivity inogona kuvandudza kushanda kweiyo antenna.

5. Shandisa antenna tuning kana kuenzanisa zvikamu: Aya mayunitsi anogona kubatsira kukwirisa kufambisa kwesimba pakati peanotapurirana neantenna, zvichikonzera kuvharika kwakagadziridzwa uye kuderedzwa kwekukanganisa.

Mukupedzisa, kuvharika kweyepakati wave antenna kunonyanya kutariswa nezvinhu zvakati wandei, zvinosanganisira simba reiyo transmitter, mhando yeantenna inoshandiswa, kureba kweiyo antenna pamusoro pevhu, kuwanda kwechiratidzo, uye maitiro eiyo antenna. pasi. Nekutevera mamwe magwara ekutanga, zvinokwanisika kukwirisa mashandiro epakati wave antenna uye kugadzirisa kuvharika kwayo munzvimbo yakapihwa.
Ndeapi akanyanya kukosha zvirevo zvepakati wave antenna?
Iwo emuviri uye RF maratidziro epakati wave antenna anogona kusiyana zvichienderana neiyo chaiyo application, asi zvimwe zvezvakakosha zvinhu zvekufunga zvinosanganisira:

1. Frequency range: Iyo frequency renji yepakati wave antenna inowanzo iri pakati pe530 kHz kusvika 1700 kHz.

2. Kuteerera: Iyo impedance yepakati wave antenna inowanzo kutenderera makumi mashanu ohms. Iyo impedance yeantenna inofanirwa kufananidzwa neiyo impedance yetambo yekutapurirana kuti ive nechokwadi chekufambisa kwesimba kwakanyanya.

3. Polarization: Iyo polarization yepakati wave antenna inogona kuve yakatwasuka kana yakatwasuka, zvichienderana nechaiyo application uye kuisirwa.

4. Radiation pattern: Iyo radiation pateni yepakati wave antenna inotaridza kutungamira uye kusimba kweiyo radiated electromagnetic simba. Iyo radiation pateni inogona kuve omnidirectional, yakananga, kana bi-directional, zvichienderana nechaiyo application.

5. Kuwana: Iko kuwana kwepakati wave antenna chiyero chekugona kwayo kukwidziridza chiyero chechiratidzo munzira yakapihwa. Iyo yakakwira kuwana antenna ichapa yakakura chiratidzo simba mune yakananga nzira.

6. Bandwidth: Iyo bandwidth yepakati wave antenna ndiyo huwandu hwemafrequency pamusoro paanogona kufambisa zvakanaka kana kugamuchira masaini. Iyo bandwidth yeantenna inogona kuwedzerwa nekuwedzera saizi yemuviri yeantenna kana nekushandisa dhizaini yakaoma.

7. Kubudirira: Kubudirira kwepakati wave antenna chiyero chekuti rakawanda sei resimba rinofambiswa neiyo transmitter rinonyatsovhenekerwa semagetsi emagetsi. Iyo antenna inoshanda zvakanyanya ichapa yakakura chiratidzo simba kune yakapihwa transmitter simba rekubuda.

8. VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio): VSWR chiyero chehuwandu hwesimba rinoratidzwa kubva kune antenna nekuda kwekukanganisa kusawirirana. Iyo yakakwira VSWR inogona kukonzera kuderedzwa kwekuita uye inogona kukuvadza kune inotapurirana.

9. Dziviriro yeMheni: Mheni inogona kukonzera kukuvadza kwakakomba kune antenna. Antenna yakanyatsogadzirwa yepakati wave antenna inofanirwa kusanganisira zvinhu zvakaita semheni, masisitimu ekudzika, uye mashuga anosunga kudzivirira kubva pakurohwa nemheni.

Muchidimbu, iwo emuviri uye RF maratidziro epakati wave antenna akakosha kufunga pakugadzira nekusarudza antenna kune chaiyo application. Antenna yakanyatsogadzirwa uye yakagadziridzwa inogona kupa kuvandudzwa kwekuita, simba rechiratidzo rakakura, uye kutaurirana kwakavimbika.
Ndezvipi zvimiro zvepakati wave antenna?
Iyo yepakati wave antenna inowanzo kuve newaya kana seti yewaya dzakarongwa mune chaiyo chimiro kana kumisikidzwa, senge yakatwasuka dipole kana yakatwasuka monopole. Iyo antenna inogona zvakare kunge iine zvimwe zvinhu, senge zvinoratidzira kana director zvinhu, kuti ivandudze mashandiro ayo. Saizi uye chimiro cheiyo antenna inogona kuenderana nezvinhu zvakaita senge frequency yechiratidzo chayakagadzirirwa kugamuchira kana kufambisa, nzvimbo iripo yekuisirwa, uye yaunoda radiation pateni. Mamwe marudzi akajairwa epakati wave antennas anosanganisira iyo T-antenna, iyo yakapetwa dipole antenna, uye yepasi plane antenna.
Yepakati wave antenna yakaenzana ne AM kutepfenyura antenna uye nei?
Ehe, yepakati wave antenna chinhu chimwe chete seye AM kutepfenyura antenna, sepakati mafungu emagetsi anoshandiswa ku AM (Amplitude Modulation) kutepfenyura redhiyo. Asi izvo, mazwi ekuti "medium wave" uye "AM" anowanzo shandiswa zvakasiyana kureva huwandu hwakafanana hwema frequency (530 kHz kusvika 1710 kHz kuNorth America).

Saka, antenna yakagadzirirwa yepakati wave frequency yakanakirawo kutepfenyura AM, uye zvinopesana. Iyo antenna inomisikidzwa kuti iite maungira painodiwa frequency yechiratidzo, iyo inobva yatumirwa kana kugamuchirwa neantenna. Chinangwa cheantenna ndechekushandura simba remagetsi kuita magetsi emagetsi emagetsi, anogona kufambiswa nemuchadenga (yekutepfenyura) kana kugashira kubva kumhepo (yekugamuchira redhiyo).
Ndeupi mutsauko pakati pepakati wave antenna, shortwave antenna, microwave antenna, uye longwave antenna?
Kune akati wandei misiyano yakakosha pakati pepakati wave, shortwave, microwave, uye longwave antennas:

1. Frequency range: Imwe neimwe mhando yeantenna yakagadzirirwa kushanda pane chaiyo frequency. Medium wave antennas akagadzirwa kuti ashande mukati me530 kHz kusvika 1710 kHz, ukuwo shortwave antennas achivhara hupamhi kubva 1.6 MHz kusvika 30 MHz. Longwave antennas anovhara ma frequency kubva pa30 kHz kusvika 300 kHz, ukuwo microwave antennas anoshanda muchikamu che1 GHz kusvika 100 GHz (kana pamusoro).

2. Saizi uye chimiro: Saizi uye chimiro cheantenna zvakare zvinhu zvakakosha izvo zvinosiyana pakati pemhando idzi dzakasiyana. Semuyenzaniso, yepakati wave antennas inogona kunge yakati tsvikiti, iine yakareruka dipole kana monopole antenna. Kusiyana neizvi, mashortwave antennas anowanzo kureba uye akaomarara, aine akawanda maelementi ekuvhara huwandu hwakasiyana hwema frequency. Longwave antennas anogona kunge akakura, nepo microwave antennas anowanzo diki uye anotungamira.

3. Hunhu hwekuparadzira: Nzira iyo masaisai eredhiyo anopararira nayo mumhepo inotsamira pakuwanda kwechiratidzo. Semuenzaniso, masaini epakati esaisai anogona kufamba madaro marefu kuburikidza neiyo ionosphere, asi anogona kukanganiswa kubva kune mamwe masaini uye mamiriro emuchadenga. Shortwave masiginecha anogonawo kufamba nzendo refu, asi asingakanganisike uye anogona kushandiswa kutepfenyura kune dzimwe nyika, ukuwo masaini e microwave achitungamira zvakanyanya uye anowanzo shandiswa pakutaura-ku-ku-point pazvinhambwe zvipfupi.

4. Chikumbiro: Imwe neimwe mhando yeantenna inowanzobatanidzwa neakananga maapplication. Medium wave antennas anonyanya kushandiswa kutepfenyura AM, nepo shortwave antennas achishandiswa kutepfenyura pasi rose, amateur radio, uye mamwe maapplication. Longwave antennas anowanzo shandiswa pakufamba, nepo microwave antennas achishandiswa kutaurirana masisitimu uye matekinoroji, senge nharembozha, Wi-Fi, uye radar.

Muchidimbu, mhando yega yega yeantenna yakagadzirirwa kushanda pane chaiyo mafrequency uye ine saizi yakasiyana uye chimiro chimiro, hunhu hwekuparadzira, uye mashandisiro.
Chii chinosanganisira yakakwana yepakati wave antenna system?
Iyo yakazara yepakati wave antenna sisitimu yenhepfenyuro inowanzoitika inosanganisira zvinotevera zvishandiso:

1. Antenna mast kana shongwe - Chimiro chakareba chinotsigira antenna system, inowanzogadzirwa nesimbi kana zvimwe zvinhu zvakasimba.

2. Antenna tuning unit (ATU) - network inoenderana iyo inobvumira iyo transmitter kuti inyatso kuroora kune antenna system, inowanzo shandiswa kuenzanisa impedance pakati petransmitter uye antenna.

3. Bharuni - chikamu chemagetsi chinoshandura zviratidzo zvisingaenzaniswi kune zviratidzo zvakaenzana kana zvakasiyana.

4. Mutsara wekutumira -coaxial tambo kana imwe mhando yetambo inobatanidza iyo transmitter inobuda kune antenna system.

5. Antenna monitor system - chishandiso chinoyera simba uye SWR (Standing Wave Ratio) yechiratidzo chiri kufambiswa uye kuratidza kweantenna.

6. Vanosunga mheni - zvishandiso zvinopa dziviriro kubva pakurohwa nemheni kudzivirira kukanganisa kune antenna system.

7. Midziyo yekudzikisa pasi - a grounding system kuchengetedza antenna system kubva kune static magetsi anobuda.

8. Tower lighting equipment - lighting system yakaiswa pane antenna tower kuratidza kuvepo kwayo usiku uye kutevedzera mitemo yekuchengetedza.

9. Audio processing equipment - inochengetedza masaini emhando yepamusoro ekutepfenyura pamhepo.

10. Studio midziyo - yekugadzira uye kutepfenyura zvirongwa zveredhiyo.

11. Rinofambisa - inoshandura masaini emagetsi kubva mu studio kuita masaisai eredhiyo uye anoakurisa kune inodiwa kubuda.

Muchidimbu, yakajairika yepakati wave nhepfenyuro yekutepfenyura chiteshi antenna system ine antenna mast kana shongwe, antenna tuning unit, balun, transmission tambo, antenna monitor system, mheni inosunga, yekumisa midziyo, shongwe yekuvhenekesa midziyo, audio processing equipment, studio midziyo, uye. transmitter.
Ndeupi misiyano pakati pekutapurirana uye yekutambira mhando yepakati wave antenna?
Pane akati wandei misiyano yakakosha pakati pepakati wave radio transmitting antennas uye yepakati wave radio inogamuchira antennas:

1. Mutengo: Kazhinji, kufambisa antennas kunodhura kupfuura kugamuchira antenna nekuda kwehukuru hwavo uye dhizaini yakaoma. Mutengo weantenna yekufambisa unogona kubva kumakumi ezviuru kusvika kumamirioni emadhora, nepo kugamuchira antenna kunowanzo kudhura zvakanyanya.

2. mafomu: Kutumira antennas anoshandiswa kutumira masaini eredhiyo panzendo refu, seyekutengesa AM redhiyo kutepfenyura, kutaurirana nemauto, kana kufamba mugungwa. Kugashira antenna, kune rumwe rutivi, anoshandiswa kunhonga masaini eredhiyo ezvinangwa zvekuteerera, senge yekugamuchira AM radio redhiyo kana kushandiswa munhepfenyuro yeamateur.

3. Kuita: Kuita kweantenna yekufambisa kunowanzoyerwa nekugona kwayo kwemwaranzi, kugona kufambisa chiratidzo pamusoro pemadaro marefu, uye kugona kwayo kubata mazinga emagetsi akakwira pasina kukanganisa kana kukuvara. Kugamuchira antenna, kune rumwe rutivi, kunowanzoyerwa nekunzwa kwavo, kugona kunhonga masaini asina simba, uye kugona kwavo kuramba zvikwangwani zvisingadiwe.

4. Zvimiro: Kutumira antennas kunowanzo hukuru uye kwakaoma kupfuura kugamuchira antennas, iine zvinhu zvakawanda uye kazhinji inoda shongwe yakakwirira kana mast yerutsigiro. Kugamuchira antennas kunogona kuve kudiki uye kushoma kuoma, senge waya nyore kana loop antenna.

5. Frequency: Dhizaini yekufambisa uye yekugamuchira antennas inogona kusiyana zvichienderana neiyo frequency yechiratidzo chavanoda kuendesa kana kugamuchira. Medium wave transmitting antennas akagadzirwa kuti ashande mukati me530-1710 kHz, ukuwo achigamuchira antennas anogona kugadzirwa kuti avhare huwandu hwakakura hwemafrequency ekushandisa kwakasiyana.

6. Kuiswa: Kutumira antennas kunoda kunyatso kuisirwa uye kuenzanisa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuita kwakaringana uye kutevedzera mirau yeFCC. Kugamuchira antennas kunogona kuiswa nyore nyore kana kungasada kuenzana kwakawanda.

7. Kugadzirisa uye kugadzirisa: Kutumira antennas kungangoda kugadziridzwa kana kugadziriswa nguva nenguva nekuda kwehukuru uye mashandisirwo awo, nepo kugamuchira antennas kungave kusimba uye kunoda kushomeka kwekugadzirisa.

Muchidimbu, kufambisa ma antennas akakura uye akaomarara pane kugamuchira antenna, uye anoshandiswa kutumira masaini eredhiyo pamakiromita marefu. Vanoda kunyatsoiswa uye kugadzika, uye zvinogona kudhura kutenga nekuchengetedza. Antennas ekugamuchira anowanzo diki uye mashoma kuomarara, uye anoshandiswa kunhonga masaini eredhiyo ekuteerera. Zvinogona kuve nyore kuisa uye zvinoda kushoma gadziriso uye calibration pane kutumira antennas.
Nzira yekusarudza yakanakisa yepakati wave antenna?
Pakusarudza yepakati wave antenna yeredhiyo, zvinhu zvakati wandei zvinofanirwa kutariswa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuita kwakanyanya. Zvinhu izvi zvinosanganisira:

1. Antenna urefu: Kazhinji, iyo yakakwirira antenna, zviri nani kuita. Iyo antenna yakareba ichapa nzvimbo yakakura yekuvhara uye kuburitsa chiratidzo chakasimba.

2. Antenna mhando: Kune akasiyana marudzi epakati wave antennas ekusarudza kubva, anosanganisira monopoles, dipoles, uye loop antennas. Mhando yeantenna inotsamira pane izvo zvinodiwa neredhiyo.

3. Mafambiro: Directional antennas inowanzoshandiswa kuderedza kupindira kubva kune dzimwe nhepfenyuro uye ruzha rwemagetsi. Ivo vanogona kutarisa simba rekutumira mune imwe nzira iyo inowedzera nzvimbo yekuvhara.

4. Ground system: Iyo yepasi pasi sisitimu yakakosha kuve nechokwadi chekuita kweantenna yakakwana. Iyo yepasi sisitimu inopa yakaderera-impedance nzira yeredhiyo frequency (RF) simba kuti riyerere richidzokera kune transmitter.

5. Impedance kuenzanisa: Kufananidza iyo antenna impedance kune iyo transmitter yekubuda impedance kwakakosha kuti uve nechokwadi chekufambisa kwesimba uye kuderedza zviratidzo zvechiratidzo.

Nekutarisa zvinhu izvi, nhepfenyuro inogona kusarudza iyo chaiyo yepakati wave antenna iyo ichapa kuita kwakanyanya kune zvavanoda.
Nzira yekusarudza yepakati wave antenna base pane AM transmitter inobuda simba?
Kusarudza iyo chaiyo yepakati wave antenna ye AM kutepfenyura transmitter kunoenderana nezvakati wandei zvinhu, kusanganisira iyo transmitter's simba level uye inodiwa yekuvhara nzvimbo. Heano mamwe maitiro akajairwa ekufunga kana uchisarudza ma antenna e AM nhepfenyuro ma transmitters ane akasiyana masimba masimba:

1. Simba: Kune epasi simba transmitters, yakareruka dipole kana monopole antenna inogona kukwana, nepo hombe transmitters angangoda inotungamira antenna kana loop antenna kuti iwane inodiwa yekuvhara nzvimbo.

2. Frequency Range: Akasiyana antenna akagadzirirwa akasiyana ma frequency renji, saka zvakakosha kuti usarudze antenna iyo yakagadzirirwa yakanangana neiyo frequency renji ye transmitter.

3. Ground System: Iyo yepasi sisitimu chinhu chakakosha chechero AM kutepfenyura antenna system uye inogona kuve nekukanganisa kwakakosha pakuita kweantenna. Mafekitari emagetsi epamusoro anowanzoda yakawedzera uye yakaomesesa pasi system yekushanda kwakanyanya.

4. Nzvimbo yekuvhara inodiwa: Inodiwa yekuvhara nzvimbo ndechimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha pakusarudza antenna. Iyo antenna radiation pateni, kureba, uye kutungamira zvese zvinotora basa rakakosha pakuona nzvimbo yekuvhara, uye inofanirwa kugadzirwa kuti isangane nezvinodiwa zvekutepfenyura.

5. Zvisungo zvebhajeti: Mhando dzakasiyana dzeantenna dzine mitengo inosiyana, saka zvimhingamipinyi zvebhajeti zvingangoda kutariswa pakusarudza antenna. Monopole uye dipole antennas anowanzo kudhura pane loop antennas kana anotungamira antennas.

Kazhinji, kana uchisarudza AM kutepfenyura antenna yetransmitter ine mazinga akasiyana emagetsi, zvakakosha kuti usarudze antenna inoenderana neiyo transmitter frequency renji, inodiwa nzvimbo yekuvhara, uye simba rinodiwa. Injiniya ane ruzivo rwekutepfenyura anogona kubatsira kuona antenna yakakodzera kwazvo zvichienderana nezvinhu izvi uye zvimwe zvinotariswa zveinjiniya.
Ndezvipi zvitupa zvinodiwa kune yepakati wave antenna system kuvaka?
Zvitupa zvinodikanwa kumisikidza yakakwana yepakati wave antenna system yepakati wave chiteshi inogona kusiyana zvichienderana nenzvimbo yenhepfenyuro uye nemirairo chaiyo inotonga nhepfenyuro yeredhiyo munzvimbo iyoyo. Nekudaro, zvimwe zvezvitupa zvingangodiwa munyika zhinji zvinosanganisira zvinotevera:

1. Rezinesi: Kuti ushandise chiteshi chepakati wave, unozofanirwa kunyorera rezinesi reFCC muUnited States, rezinesi reCRTC muCanada, kana rezinesi reOfcom kuUK, zvichienderana nenzvimbo yako. Iri rezenisi rinobvumidza kushandiswa kweredhiyo frequency uye inopa nhungamiro pane tekinoroji paramita yechiteshi, kusanganisira iyo antenna system.

2. Professional Certificate: Chitupa chehunyanzvi, senge chakapihwa neSosaiti yeBroadcast Injiniya (SBE), inogona kubatsira kuratidza hunyanzvi mumunda uye kuwedzera kuvimbika senyanzvi muindasitiri.

3. Chitupa Chekuchengetedza: Chitupa chekuchengetedza chinoratidza kuti une ruzivo uye kudzidziswa kwakakodzera kuti ushande zvakachengeteka munzvimbo dzine njodzi, senge pakukwira shongwe.

4. Electrical Certificate: Chitupa chemagetsi chinoratidza kuti une ruzivo uye kudzidziswa kunodiwa kuisa, kuchengetedza, uye kugadzirisa masisitimu emagetsi, kusanganisira masisitimu anoshandiswa mukuisa antenna.

5. Grounding Certificate: Kuti uve nechokwadi chekudzika kwakaringana, zvakakosha kuti uve nechitupa chepasi, chinoratidza kuti une nzwisiso yemaitirwo epasi zvakanaka iyo antenna system nemidziyo yakabatana.

Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti mirau uye zvitupa zvinogona kusiyana nenyika nenzvimbo, uye zvakakosha kuti utsvage mitemo yemuno nemirairo kuti uone zvinodikanwa zvekumisikidza yakakwana yepakati wave antenna system yepakati wave station.
Ndeipi yakazara maitiro epakati wave antenna kubva pakugadzira kusvika pakuiswa?
Maitiro ekugadzira uye kuisa antenna yepakati wave munhepfenyuro inogona kusanganisira matanho akati wandei, kusanganisira anotevera:

1. Dhizaini: Maitiro acho anotanga nekugadzirwa kweantenna zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zveredhiyo. Iyo dhizaini inozofunga zvinhu zvakaita senzvimbo yekuvhara, inotungamira zvinodiwa, uye frequency bhendi kuti ive nechokwadi chekuita kwakakwana.

2. Kugadzira: Kana dhizaini yapera, antenna ichagadzirwa. Maitiro ekugadzira anozoenderana neiyo chaiyo antenna mhando uye inogona kusanganisira kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvine hunyanzvi sezviratidziri kana insulators.

3. Kuedza: Mushure mekugadzira kwapera, antenna inozoyedzwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti inosangana nemaitiro ekugadzira. Kuyedzwa kunogona kusanganisira kuyera iyo antenna kusamira, kuwana, uye nemwaranzi maitiro.

4. Kutumira: Kana iyo antenna yapfuura chikamu chekuyedza, inotumirwa kunhepfenyuro yekuiswa.

5. Kuiswa: Iyo yekumisikidza ichasanganisira kuisa mumuviri antenna pane redhiyo nzvimbo. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kumisa shongwe kana kumisa antenna pane chiripo chimiro senge chivakwa. Iyo yekuisa maitiro inogona zvakare kusanganisira kuisirwa pasi system kuti ive nechokwadi chekuita kwakanyanya.

6. Kugadziridza: Mushure mekunge antenna yaiswa, zvigadziriso zvingada kuitwa kuti uwedzere kuita. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kugadzirisa kureba kweantenna kana kurongeka kana kukwenenzvera kuenderana kwe impedance.

7. Kugadziriswa: Chekupedzisira, kugadzirisa nguva dzose uye kuongororwa kweantenna kuchave kuri madikanwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti inoramba ichiita zvakanaka nekufamba kwenguva. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kuyedzwa nguva nenguva uye kugadzirisa ku account yezvakatipoteredza izvo zvinogona kukanganisa kushanda, sekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze kana kuvaka kuri pedyo.

Muchidimbu, maitiro ekugadzira uye kuisa antenna yepakati wave anosanganisira matanho akati wandei, kubva pakugadzira nekugadzira kusvika pakuyedzwa, kutumira, kuisirwa, kugadzirisa, uye kuenderera mberi kwekugadzirisa. Imwe neimwe nhanho yakakosha kuve nechokwadi chekuita kweantenna kweredhiyo.
Iwe unonyatso chengetedza sei pakati wave antenna?
Kugadzirisa kwakaringana kwepakati wave antenna kwakakosha kuti uve nechokwadi chekuita kwakanyanya nekufamba kwenguva. Heano mamwe maitiro akanakisa ekuchengetedza yepakati wave antenna:

1. Kuongorora nguva dzose: Iyo antenna inofanirwa kuongororwa nguva nenguva kuona zviratidzo zvekukuvara kana kusakara uye kubvaruka. Izvi zvinosanganisira kutarisa kuti hakuna corrosion, loose connections, uye kukuvadzwa kwezvinhu zvemuviri zvakaita semareflector kana insulators. Zvakakosha kugadzirisa chero nyaya dzinowanikwa nekukasira dzisati dzaunza mamwe matambudziko akakosha gare gare.

2. Kuchenesa: Tsvina, marara, uye zvimwe zvinosvibisa zvinogona kuvaka pamusoro peiyo antenna, zvichidzikamisa kuita kwayo. Kugara kuchenesa kunogona kubatsira kubvisa izvi zvinosvibisa uye kuve nechokwadi chekufambisa kwemasaini. Shandisa bhurashi rakapfava-bristled kana yakaderera-kudzvanywa mvura yekugeza kunyatsochenesa antenna pasina kuikuvadza.

3. Ground system kugadzirisa: Iyo yepasi sisitimu chinhu chakakosha cheiyo antenna, ichipa yakaderera-impedance nzira yeRF simba kuti riyerere richidzokera kune transmitter. Ongorora pasi system kuti uone kuti yakanyatsobatanidzwa uye mune yakanaka mamiriro. Miti yepasi inofanira kunge isina ngura uye yosukurudzwa nemvura kuti ibvise kuumbwa kwevhu.

4. Kugadziridza: Nekufamba kwenguva, shanduko munharaunda yemuviri yakatenderedza antenna inogona kukanganisa kuita kwayo. Kugadziridzwa kune kureba kweantenna, kurongeka, kana kusapindirana kwekuenzanisa kungave kuri madikanwa kuchengetedza kuita kwakaringana. Mudzidzisi ane hunyanzvi anofanira kuita zvigadziriso izvi.

5. Kuedza nguva dzose: Kugara uchiyedzwa kuita kweantenna kwakakosha kuti uve nechokwadi chekufambisa kwemasaini. Kuyera kukanganiswa kweantenna, kuwana, uye nzira yemwaranzi inogona kubatsira kuona nyaya dzekuita uye kuve nechokwadi chekugadzirisa nekukasira mhando yenhepfenyuro yechiteshi isati yakanganiswa.

Nekutevera aya akanakisa maitiro, yepakati wave antenna inogona kuchengetedzwa nemazvo, ichipa kuita kwakaringana uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwayo hunobatsira.
Unogadzirisa sei antenna yepakati wave kana ikatadza kushanda?
Kana antenna yepakati ikatadza kushanda, zvinhu zvakati wandei zvinogona kunge zviri kutamba, senge chinhu chakakanganisika, chinongedzo chakadzimwa, kana dambudziko neiyo grounding system. Heino maitiro akajairwa ekugadzirisa antenna yepakati wave:

1. Ongorora antenna: Ita ongororo yekuona yeantenna kuti uone kana paine kukuvara kunooneka, senge chinhu chakatyoka, chakakuvadzwa insulator, kana corroded component. Cherechedza chero chinhu chinoratidzika chakakuvadzwa kana chisina nzvimbo.

2. Tarisa kubatanidza magetsi: Tarisa kubatanidza kwemagetsi kwese kwakasununguka kana kuita ngura. Zvibatanidza zvakakuvara kana zvakasakara zvinofanirwa kutsiviwa.

3. Edza antenna: Shandisa antenna analyzer kana imwe midziyo yekuyedza kuyera iyo antenna kusamira, kuwana, kuratidza coefficient, uye zvimwe zviratidzo zvekuita. Izvi zvinobatsira kupatsanura kana dambudziko riri neantenna radiation, iyo impedance inofananidzwa kana tambo yekufambisa.

4. Kugadzirisa antenna system: Kana dambudziko risingakwanisi kuparadzaniswa kune antenna pachayo, iyo antenna system inoda kuongororwa. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kuongorora iyo transmitter, tambo yekutumira, uye pasi system.

5. Gadzirisa zvinodiwa: Kana dambudziko rave roga roga, ita kugadzirisa kunodiwa. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kutsiva zvinhu zvakakanganisika, kugadzirisa zvinongedzo, kana kugadzirisa kureba kweantenna kana kwakananga, kana kuenzanisa kwekukanganisa.

6. Edza antenna yakagadziriswa: Kana kugadzirisa kwaitwa, edza iyo yakagadziridzwa sisitimu kuti uone kuti yava kushanda nemazvo. Zvinokurudzirwa kuita mamwe ma test transmissions kutarisa kunaka kwekugamuchira.

Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti kugadzirisa antenna yepakati wave inogona kuita yakaoma uye inoda masevhisi enyanzvi ane rezinesi ane hunyanzvi hunodiwa uye ruzivo rwekuongorora dambudziko uye kugadzirisa kunodiwa. Nekutarisisa kwakanaka uye nehanya, zvisinei, yepakati wave antenna inogona kupa yakavimbika, yemhando yepamusoro kutepfenyura kwemakore mazhinji ari kuuya.
Ndezvipi zvikwaniriso zveinjiniya zvinodikanwa kune yepakati wave antenna system kuvaka?
Izvo zvikwaniriso zvinodikanwa kumisikidza yakakwana yepakati wave antenna system yepakati wave chiteshi zvinoenderana nezvinhu zvakasiyana, zvinosanganisira saizi yechiteshi, kuoma kweiyo antenna system, uye mirau yenzvimbo uye zvinodiwa. Nekudaro, kazhinji, zvinotevera zvikwaniriso zvinowanzodiwa:

1. Dzidzo: Dhigirii muinjiniya yemagetsi kana minda ine hukama yakadai seredhiyo kutaurirana, nhepfenyuro yeinjiniya, kana nharembozha inogona kunge iri asset.

2. Chiitiko cheIndasitiri: Kuvaka uye kuchengetedza yepakati wave antenna system inoda maoko-pane ruzivo munhepfenyuro yeredhiyo, antenna masisitimu, uye RF engineering.

3. Certification: Certification neakakodzera indasitiri masangano, akadai seSosaiti yeBroadcast Engineers (SBE), inogona kudikanwa kuratidza hunyanzvi hwako mumunda.

4. Ruzivo rwemitemo nemirau yakakodzera: Izvi zvinodikanwa kuti uve nechokwadi chekutevedzwa kwemirau yemuno uye masangano anodzora, seFCC iri muUnited States kana Ofcom yekuUnited Kingdom.

5. Ruzivo rweinjiniya dhizaini software: Iko kushandiswa kweakasarudzika software seMATLAB, COMSOL uye Autocad kwakakosha pakugadzira yakakwana yepakati wave antenna system.

6. Kugona muviri: Kugona kukwira shongwe uye kushanda munzvimbo dzinodiwa dzekunze chinhu chakakosha kutariswa, zvichipihwa chimiro chebasa.

Muchidimbu, kumisikidza yakakwana yepakati wave antenna system yepakati wave chiteshi, unofanirwa kuve nedzidzo yakakodzera, ruzivo rweindasitiri, chitupa, ruzivo rwemitemo nemirau, ruzivo rweinjiniya dhizaini software, uye kugona kwemuviri. Izvo zvakakoshawo kuti ugare uchienderana nezvezvino kuvandudzwa uye matekinoroji mumunda.
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