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Antenna Tuning Unit

An Antenna Tuning Unit (ATU) chishandiso chemagetsi chinoshandiswa kuenzanisa kukanganiswa kweantenna system kune transmitter kana inogamuchira. Iyo impedance yeantenna system inogona kusiyana zvichienderana nezvinhu zvakaita sekuwanda kwekushanda, kureba kweantenna, uye nharaunda yakatenderedza.

 

Iyo ATU inobatsira kukwirisa kushanda kweiyo antenna system nekugadzirisa iyo impedance kuti ienderane neinodiwa frequency renji. Izvi zvinowanikwa nekushandisa zvinogadziriswa capacitors, inductors, kana musanganiswa wezvose zviri zviviri kugadzirisa kureba kwemagetsi kweantenna.

 

Tarisa yedu 10kW AM transmitter pane-saiti yekuvaka vhidhiyo akatevedzana muCabanatuan, Philippines:

 

 

Mamwe masinonimisheni eAntenna Tuning Unit (ATU) anosanganisira:

 

  • Antenna Matcher
  • Antenna Tuner
  • Impedance Match Unit
  • Antenna Coupler
  • Antenna Matching Network
  • SWR tuner kana SWR bhiriji (izvi zvinoreva mhando dzeATUs dzinoyera Standing Wave Ratio).

 

Kazhinji, ATU inowanikwa pakati peiyo transmitter kana inogamuchira uye antenna system. Kana sisitimu yabatidzwa, iyo ATU inogona kushandiswa ku "tune" antenna kune yaunoda frequency renji. Izvi zvinoitwa nekugadzirisa zvikamu muATU kudzamara iyo impedance yeantenna ichienderana neiyo impedance yeanotumira kana anogamuchira.

 

ATUs anoshandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana dzekushandisa, kusanganisira nhepfenyuro yeredhiyo, kutepfenyura kweterevhizheni, uye satellite kutaurirana. Iwo anonyanya kubatsira mumamiriro ezvinhu apo antenna haina kugadzirwa kune chaiyo frequency inoshandiswa, senge munharembozha kana inotakurika.

 

Pakazere, ATU chinhu chakakosha mune chero antenna system, sezvo ichibatsira kuve nechokwadi chepamusoro kunyatsoshanda uye kuita.

Ndezvipi zvimiro zveantenna tuning unit?
Iyo Antenna Tuning Unit (ATU) inogona kuve neyakasiyana zvimiro zvinoenderana neiyo chaiyo dhizaini uye mashandisiro, asi iwo anowanzo sanganisira musanganiswa wezvinotevera zvikamu:

1. Capacitors: Izvi zvinoshandiswa kugadzirisa capacitance yeATU circuit, iyo inogona kuchinja resonance frequency yedunhu rose.

2. Inductors: Izvi zvinoshandiswa kugadzirisa inductance yeATU circuit, iyo inogonawo kuchinja resonance frequency yedunhu rose.

3. Variable Resistors: Izvi zvinoshandiswa kugadzirisa kushorwa kwedunhu, izvo zvinogonawo kuva nemigumisiro pane resonance frequency yedunhu.

4. Transformers: Izvi zvikamu zvinogona kushandiswa kungave nhanho-kumusoro kana kudzika-pasi iyo impedance yeantenna system kuti ienderane neiyo impedance yeanotumira kana anogamuchira.

5. Relays: Aya anoshandiswa kubatanidza kana kubvisa zvikamu muATU dunhu, izvo zvinogona kubatsira pakuchinja pakati peakasiyana mabhendi.

6. Circuit Board: Zvikamu zveATU zvinogona kuiswa pabhodhi redunhu kuti rifambise gungano.

Iyo chaiyo musanganiswa wezvikamu zvinoshandiswa zvinogona kusiyana zvichienderana neyakagadzirirwa application, inodiwa frequency renji, inowanikwa nzvimbo, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kukanganisa dhizaini. Chinangwa cheATU ndechekufananidza iyo impedance yeantenna system kune transmitter kana inogamuchira, kuitira kuti uwane yakanyanya kufambiswa kwesimba uye chiratidzo chemhando.
Nei antenna tuning unit yakakosha kutepfenyura?
Antenna tuning unit (ATU) inodiwa kutepfenyura nekuti inobatsira kukwenenzvera mashandiro eiyo antenna system, izvo zvakakosha kuti uwane zvemhando yepamusoro kutapurirana nekutambira. Iyo yekutepfenyura antenna sisitimu inowanzoda kushanda pamusoro pehupamhi frequency renji, izvo zvinogona kukonzera iyo impedance yeantenna kusiyanisa zvakanyanya. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika pakutepfenyura kwepamusoro-simba, uko kunyangwe kukanganiswa kudiki mukudzivirira kunogona kukonzera kurasikirwa kukuru kwechiratidzo.

Nekugadzirisa zvikamu zveATU, senge capacitors, inductors, uye transformers, iyo impedance yeantenna inogona kuvandudzwa kuti ienderane neyeiyo inotumira kana inogamuchira. Izvi zvinogona kubatsira kuderedza kurasikirwa kwechiratidzo uye kuvimbisa kuendeswa kwepamusoro-soro, zviratidzo zvakajeka kune vateereri kana vataridzi.

Kune nhepfenyuro yehunyanzvi, yemhando yepamusoro yeATU inonyanya kukosha nekuti ndiyo inowanzo shandiswa kufambisa masaini madaro marefu uye nemazinga emagetsi akakwira. ATU isina kugadzirwa kana kuvakwa zvisina kunaka inogona kuunza nyaya dzakasiyana siyana dzinogona kukanganisa kuita kwenhepfenyuro, kusanganisira kukanganiswa kwechiratidzo, kupindira, uye kuderedzwa kwesimba rechiratidzo.

ATU yemhando yepamusoro yakarongedzerwa kutepfenyura inongogadzirwa kuti ikwanise kumira nemamiriro ekunze akaomarara, inogona kuchinjika pane dzakasiyana siyana, uye inovakwa nezvikamu zvemhando yepamusoro zvinosarudzirwa kusimba nekuita kwayo. Izvi zvinogona kubatsira kuona kuti nhepfenyuro yakasimba uye yakajeka sezvinobvira, kunyangwe mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma.
Ndeapi mashandisirwo eantenna tuning unit?
Antenna tuning units (ATUs) ine akasiyana ekushandisa mumagetsi uye masisitimu ekutaurirana. Zvimwe zvezvishandiso zvakajairika ndezvi:

1. Kukurukurirana neRadio: MaATU anowanzo shandiswa mukutaurirana neredhiyo kuenzanisa kukanganiswa kweantenna kune transmitter kana inogamuchira pane yakakura frequency renji. Izvi zvinobatsira kuvandudza chiratidzo chechiratidzo uye kuderedza kurasikirwa kwechiratidzo.

2. Nhepfenyuro yeTerevhizheni: Mukutepfenyura kweterevhizheni, maATU anoshandiswa kuenzanisa kukanganiswa kweiyo antenna yekutepfenyura kune inofambisa. Izvi zvinovimbisa kuti chiratidzo chinounzwa nesimba guru uye kujeka kune vanoona.

3. Nhepfenyuro yeFM: ATUs anoshandiswawo mukutepfenyura kweFM kuenzanisa kukanganiswa kweiyo antenna kune inotapurirana, kunyanya mumamiriro ezvinhu apo iyo frequency yekutepfenyura isiri iyo chaiyo yakawanda yeantenna's resonant frequency. Izvi zvinobatsira kuderedza kurasikirwa kwechiratidzo uye kuvandudza kunaka kwechiratidzo.

4. AM Nhepfenyuro: Mukutepfenyura kwe AM, iyo ATU inoshandiswa kuenzanisa iyo impedance yeantenna system kune transmitter, iyo inobatsira kudzikisa kukanganiswa kwechiratidzo uye kuwedzera simba rechiratidzo.

5. Kukurukurirana Kwendege: Mumafambisirwo enhaurirano nendege, maATU anowanzo shandiswa kukwidziridza mashandiro eiyo onboard antennas kuitira kufambisa uye kugashira kwakanyanya.

6. Kukurukurirana Kwemauto: ATUs anoshandiswawo mumauto ekutaurirana masisitimu kuenzanisa iyo impedance yeantenna kune transmitter kana inogamuchira, iyo inobatsira kuvandudza chiratidzo chechiratidzo uye kuderedza kurasikirwa kwechiratidzo.

7. Mobile Communications: ATUs anoshandiswa mumafoni ekutaurirana midziyo yakadai senharembozha uye isina waya ma routers kuti aenderane nekukanganiswa kweantenna kune inotapurirana. Izvi zvinobatsira kuvandudza chiratidzo chechiratidzo uye kuderedza kurasikirwa kwesimba.

8. RFID: Muredhiyo frequency identification (RFID) masisitimu, maATU anogona kubatsira kukwirisa mashandiro eiyo antenna nekufananidza kusamira kwayo kune RFID muverengi.

9. Wireless Sensor Networks: Mune wireless sensor network (WSNs), ATUs inogona kushandiswa kuenzanisa kukanganiswa kwema sensor node kune isina waya network, iyo inogona kuvandudza chiratidzo chechiratidzo uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba.

10. Remote Sensing: Mumashandisirwo ekunzwa ari kure, maATU anoshandiswa kuenzanisa iyo impedance yeantenna kugashira masaini kubva kumasetellite kana zvimwe zviri kure zvekunzwa michina ine hutsinye hwepamusoro uye huchokwadi.

11. Ham Radio: Pamusoro pekutaurirana neredhiyo yeamateur, maATU anowanzo shandiswa mu ham radio yekutakurika kana nharembozha munzvimbo dzakaoma dzekushanda uko iyo antenna impedance inogona kusiyana zvakanyanya.

12. Two-way Radios: ATUs anoshandiswawo mune maviri-nzira maredhiyo masisitimu emaindasitiri akadai sekuchengetedza veruzhinji, chekufambisa, uye chengetedzo kukwirisa mashandiro eiyo antenna system munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana kuti ive nechokwadi chekutaurirana kwakajeka uye kwakavimbika.

13. Tsvakurudzo yeSainzi: ATUs anoshandiswa mukutsvagisa kwesainzi kuyera nekushandisa magineti emagetsi munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dzekuyedza.

Kazhinji, mashandisirwo eATU akapararira uye anosanganisira chero mamiriro ezvinhu apo inodiwa yemhando yepamusoro yekufambisa chiratidzo. ATUs inogona kuenzanisa kukanganiswa kweantenna system kune transmitter kana inogamuchira, ichibvumira iyo yakakwana yekufambisa chiratidzo uye kugashira, kuratidza kukosha kwekufananidza iyo impedance yeantenna kune inotapurirana kana inogamuchira kune yakakwana yekufambisa chiratidzo uye kugashira munzvimbo dzakawanda dzakasiyana uye mamiriro. .
Chii chinosanganisira yakazara antenna system pamwe neantenna tuning unit?
Kuvaka antenna system yakakwana yenhepfenyuro yeredhiyo, midziyo yakasiyana uye zvikamu zvinodiwa, zvichienderana nerudzi rwenhepfenyuro (UHF, VHF, FM, TV, kana AM). Heano zvimwe zvezvakakosha zveantenna system yekutepfenyura:

1. Transmitter: Icho chishandiso chemagetsi chinoshandiswa kugadzira modulated radio frequency (RF) chiratidzo uye kuitumira kune antenna, iyo yobva yaendesa kune vateereri kana vaoni.

2. Antenna: Chishandiso chinoshandura simba remagetsi kuita masaisai emagetsi emagetsi (radio) anogona kufamba nemumhepo achitambirwa nevatambi veredhiyo. Dhizaini yeantenna inotsamira pane frequency renji, nhanho yesimba, uye mhando yekutepfenyura.

3. Coaxial Cable: Inoshandiswa kubatanidza transmitter kune antenna uye ive nechokwadi chekufambisa kwakanaka kwechiratidzo nekurasikirwa kwechiratidzo chekurasikirwa uye impedance yekufananidza.

4. Antenna Tuning Unit (ATU): Inoshandiswa kuenzanisa iyo impedance yeantenna kune transmitter kana inogamuchira. Iyo ATU inonyanya kubatsira mune zviitiko apo iyo impedance yeantenna inosiyana pamusoro peyakasiyana ma frequency, sezvo inoenzanisa iyo yekubatanidza kuvandudza kushanda nesimba uye kuendesa simba.

5. Combiner/Divider: Mumasystem ekutepfenyura ane akawanda ma transmitter kana masiginecha, vasanganisi/vanopatsanura vanoshandiswa kubatanidza masaini akawanda kuita imwe yekutapurirana pane imwe antenna.

6. Shongwe: ireba resimbi chimiro chinotsigira antenna nemidziyo yayo yakabatana.

7. Transmission Line/Feeder: Iwaya kana tambo inobatanidza antenna kune transmitter kana inogamuchira, ichiendesa chiratidzo kubva kune antenna kuenda kune transmitter / inogamuchira pasina kudzoreredza kana kukanganisa.

8. Dziviriro yeMheni: Antenna masisitimu anotapukirwa nekukuvara kwemheni, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kukuvara kunodhura. Naizvozvo, masisitimu ekudzivirira mheni akakosha kuchengetedza sisitimu kubva mukukuvadzwa panguva yemabhanan’ana.

9. Monitor uye kuyerwa midziyo: Chiratidzo chinofambiswa chinogona kuongororwa nerubatsiro rwemhando dzakasiyana dzekutarisa uye kuyerwa kwemidziyo, kusanganisira spectrum analyzers, oscilloscopes, uye mamwe masignidzo ekuyera maturusi. Izvi zviridzwa zvinovimbisa kuti chiratidzo chinosangana nehunyanzvi uye hwekutonga zviyero.

Mukupedzisa, aya ndiwo mamwe emidziyo yakajairika inodiwa kuvaka yakazara antenna system. Mhando yemidziyo inoshandiswa uye kumisikidzwa kweantenna system inotarwa nezvinodiwa zvekutepfenyura, kusanganisira frequency renji, chiyero chemagetsi, uye mhando yekutepfenyura.
Mangani marudzi eantenna tuning unit aripo?
Kune akati wandei marudzi eantenna tuning units (ATUs) anowanikwa kuti ashandiswe mukutepfenyura redhiyo uye mamwe maapplication. Ngatikurukurei mamwe acho zvichienderana nemhando dzawo uye zvinhu zvawo:

1. L-Network Antenna Tuner: Iyo L-network antenna tuner yakavakirwa padunhu rakareruka rinoshandisa maviri capacitor uye inductor kuenzanisa iyo impedance yeantenna kune transmitter kana inogamuchira. L-network ATUs iri nyore kuvaka uye kushandisa, ine mari shoma, uye inopa yakakwira dhigirii yekuchinjika maererano neiyo impedance yekufananidza. Nekudaro, ivo vane mashoma ekuita pane yakakwirira frequency, uye dunhu rinogona kuve rakaoma kugadzira.

2. T-Network Antenna Tuner: T-network antenna tuners akafanana neL-network ATUs asi shandisa matatu capacitance zvinhu pamwe neinductor kugadzira 2:1 impedance match. T-network ATUs inopa kuita zvirinani pama frequency epamusoro pane maL-network ATUs, asi anodhura uye anonetsa kugadzira.

3. Pi-Network Antenna Tuner: Pi-network antenna tuners anoshandisa matatu capacitor uye maviri inductors kugadzira 1.5: 1 impedance match. Vanopa kuita kwakanaka mumhando dzakasiyana siyana uye vanopa mutambo uri nani kana uchienzaniswa neL-network uye T-network ATUs. Nekudaro, iwo anodhura kupfuura L-network uye T-network ATUs.

4. Gamma Match Tuner: Gamma match tuners anoshandisa gamma match kugadzirisa iyo feed point impedance yeantenna kuti ienderane nezvinodiwa zveanotapurirana kana anogamuchira. Iwo anoshanda zvakanyanya, uye network inofananidzwa iri nyore kugadzira, ine zvishoma kana kusarasikirwa kuchiratidzo. Zvisinei, zvinogona kudhura kugadzira.

5. Balun Tuner: Balun tuners anoshandisa balun transformer kuenzanisa iyo impedance yeantenna kune zvinodikanwa zveiyo transmitter kana inogamuchira. Ivo vanopa yakanakisa impedance yekufananidza uye inoshanda zvakanyanya, isina kana kurasikirwa kushoma. Zvisinei, zvinogona kudhura kuisa nekuchengetedza.

6. Auto-Tuner/Smart Tuner: Auto-tuner kana smart tuner inoshandisa microprocessor kugadzirisa otomatiki network nekuyera iyo impedance yeantenna munguva chaiyo, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kushandisa. Vanopa kushanda kwepamusoro-soro mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana, asi zvinogona kudhura kutenga uye zvinoda simba rekushandisa kuti rishande.

7. Reactance Tuner: Reactance tuners inoshandisa inoshanduka capacitor uye inductor kugadzirisa iyo impedance yeantenna system. Iwo ari nyore uye ane mutengo wakaderera-asi anogona kunge asina kukodzera kune yakakwirira-simba maapplication.

8. Duplexer: Duplexer chishandiso chinoshandiswa kubvumira antenna imwe kuti ishandiswe kutapurirana nekugamuchira. Iwo anowanzo shandiswa mumaredhiyo ekutaurirana maapplication, asi anogona kudhura uye anoda hunyanzvi kuisirwa.

9. Transmatch Antenna Tuner: Transmatch tuners inoshandisa yakakwira-voltage variable capacitor uye inductor kuti ienderane nekubuda kweiyo transmitter kune antenna system. Izvo zvinoshanda zvakanyanya, asi iyo yakakwirira-voltage zvikamu zvinogona kudhura kugadzira nekuchengetedza.

10. Meanderline Antenna Tuner: Iyi imhando nyowani yeantenna tuner inoshandisa meanderline chimiro, inova mhando yetambo yekufambisa iyo inogona kuroverwa pane substrate. Meanderline ATUs inopa mashandiro akanaka uye akareruka uye akaderera-mbiri, asi anogona kudhura kugadzira.

11. Network Analyzer: Kunyange zvisiri zvehunyanzvi ATU, network analyzer inogona kushandiswa kuongorora mashandiro eiyo antenna system uye kugadzirisa sezvinodiwa. Network analyzers inogona kupa ruzivo rwakakosha nezve system impedance, SWR, uye mamwe ma paramita, asi anogona kudhura uye anoda hunyanzvi kudzidziswa kuti ushande nemazvo.

Muchidimbu, kusarudzwa kweiyo antenna tuner kunoenderana neiyo chaiyo application uye chiratidzo chinodiwa. Iyo L-network ATU iri nyore, inokwanisika, uye inochinjika, nepo mamwe marudzi achipa zvirinani kuenzanirana kuita pane akasiyana ma frequency renji. Gamma match tuners anoshanda zvakanyanya, nepo auto-tuners ari nyore asi anodhura. Ese maATU anoda kuisirwa, kugadzirisa, uye kugadzirisa zvinoenderana nenharaunda uye izvo zvinodiwa zveantenna system, kusarudza iyo chaiyo ATU inogona kubatsira kuwedzera mashandiro eiyo antenna system, kuve nechokwadi chekuvimbika, chemhando yepamusoro kufambisa kwemasaini uye kugamuchirwa.
Chii chinonzi terminologies chine chekuita neantenna tuning unit?
Heano mamwe ematemu ane hukama neantenna tuning units:

1. Kuteerera: Impedance ndiko kuramba kunopihwa neantenna system pakuyerera kweazvino kana voltage yaiswa. Kukosha kwe impedance kunoyerwa muOhms.

2. Matching Network: A matching network chishandiso chinogadzirisa iyo impedance yechitubu kana mutoro kuti ukwidzise kutamiswa kwesimba.

3. SWR: SWR (Standing Wave Ratio) ireshiyo yehupamhi hwepamusoro amplitude yemafungu akamira kusvika padiki amplitude yeawaya akafanana. SWR inogona kushandiswa kuona kushanda kweiyo antenna system, ine yakaderera ratios inoratidza mamwe anoshanda masisitimu.

4. Reflection Coefficient: The reflection coefficient ndiyo huwandu hwesimba rinoratidzwa kana chiratidzo chasangana ne impedance mismatch. Icho chiyero chekushanda kweantenna system uye inoratidzwa sedesimali kana muzana.

5. Bandwidth: Bandwidth ndiwo huwandu hwemafrequency pamusoro peiyo antenna system inogona kushanda nemazvo. Iyo bandwidth inoenderana nezvinhu zvakasiyana senge mhando yeantenna, impedance yayo, uye inofananidzira network kumisikidzwa.

6. Q-Factor: Q-Factor chiyero chekushanda kweiyo resonant antenna system. Iyo inoratidza kupinza kweiyo resonance curve uye chiyero chekurasikirwa kwesimba sechiratidzo chinotamiswa kuburikidza nehurongwa.

7. Inductance: Inductance inzvimbo yedunhu remagetsi rinopikisa shanduko mukuyerera kwezvino. Inoyerwa muna Henries uye chinhu chakakosha cheATU.

8. Kugona: Capacitance inzvimbo yedunhu remagetsi rinochengeta chaji yemagetsi. Inoyerwa mumafadhi uye chimwe chikamu chakakosha cheATU.

9. Resistive Matching: Resistive matching ndiyo maitiro ekufananidza kupokana kweantenna kune sisitimu inotapurirana kana inogamuchira inobuda. Zvinosanganisira kugadzirisa zvikamu zveATU kuderedza kurasikirwa kwemagetsi.

10. Inductive Matching: Inductive matching ndiyo maitiro ekufananidza kuita kweiyo antenna system kune transmitter kana inogamuchira inobuda. Zvinosanganisira kugadzirisa iyo ATU's inductance kuti ipe yakakwana impedance yekufananidza.

11. VSWR: VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio) yakafanana neSWR asi inoratidzwa maererano nemagetsi pachinzvimbo chesimba. Icho chiyero chekushanda kweRF yekufambisa mutsara kana antenna system.

12. Kurasikirwa Kwekuisa: Kurasika kurasikirwa kunoitika kana chiratidzo chichifamba nemumudziyo kana dunhu, senge antenna tuner. Inopimwa mumadecibels (dB) uye chinhu chakakosha chekutarisa pakusarudza ATU.

13. Tuning Range: Iyo tuning renji ndiyo huwandu hwema frequency pamusoro peiyo ATU inogona kupa yakakwana impedance yekufananidza. Iyo mhando inosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rweantenna tuner uye frequency renji yeantenna system.

14. Power Rating: Chiyero chesimba ndiro simba guru iro ATU rinogona kubata pasina kukuvadzwa kana kukanganisa mukushanda. Iyo inowanzo kuyerwa muma watts uye yakakosha kutarisisa kana uchisarudza ATU yeimwe application.

15. Noise Figure: Noise nhamba chiyero chekuita ruzha rweATU. Inoratidza huwandu hwemheremhere inounzwa muchiratidzo sezvainopfuura neATU uye inowanzoratidzwa muma decibels.

16. Phase Shift: Phase shift ndiyo nguva inononoka pakati pekuisa uye kubuda chiratidzo muATU. Inogona kukanganisa amplitude yechiratidzo uye hunhu hwechikamu uye yakakosha kutarisisa paunenge uchigadzira nekusarudza ATU.

17. Kurasika Kwekufungisisa: Kurasika kwekufungidzira ndiko kuwanda kwesimba rinoratidzwa kumashure kune inotapurirana nekuda kweiyo impedance mismatch muantenna system. Iyo inowanzo kuratidzwa muma decibels uye inogona kukanganisa kushanda uye kuita kwehurongwa.

Muchidimbu, aya mazwi akakosha pakunzwisisa antenna tuning units 'kushanda uye kuita. Ivo vanobatsira kutsanangura iyo impedance uye bandwidth zvinodiwa zveantenna system, kugona kwezvikamu zveATU, uye kuita kwese kwehurongwa. Nekukwenenzvera aya ma paramita, iyo antenna system inogona kuwana yakanyanya kuita uye inopa yakavimbika, yepamusoro-yemhando yekufambisa chiratidzo uye kugamuchira.
Ndeapi akanyanya kukosha zvirevo zveantenna tuning unit?
Iwo akanyanya kukosha emuviri uye RF maratidziro eiyo antenna tuning unit (ATU) zvinoenderana neiyo chaiyo application uye system zvinodiwa. Nekudaro, heano mamwe eakaomesesa emuviri uye RF maratidziro anowanzo shandiswa kuongorora ATU:

1. Impedance Matching Range: Iyo impedance yekufananidza renji ndiyo huwandu hwemapedance maitiro pamusoro peiyo ATU inogona kupa yakakwana impedance yekufananidza. Izvo zvakakosha kuti usarudze ATU inogona kuenderana neiyo impedance yeantenna system kune transmitter kana inogamuchira inobuda.

2. Simba Rekubata Kugona: Simba rekubata simba ndiro simba guru iro ATU rinogona kubata pasina kukuvadzwa kana kukanganisa mukushanda. Izvo zvakakosha kuti usarudze iyo ATU inokwanisa kubata iyo nhanho yesimba yeanotapurirana kana inogamuchira pasina kuunza chiratidzo chinokanganisa kana mamwe matambudziko.

3. Frequency Range: Iyo frequency range ndiyo huwandu hwemafrequency pamusoro peiyo ATU inogona kushanda nemazvo. Izvo zvakakosha kuti usarudze ATU inogona kushanda mukati meiyo frequency renji yeantenna system uye transmitter kana inogamuchira.

4. VSWR: Iyo VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio) chiyero chekushanda kweRF yekufambisa tambo kana antenna system. Iyo yakakwira VSWR inoratidza kusawirirana kweiyo impedance uye inogona kukonzera kukanganisa kwechiratidzo kana kudzikisira.

5. Kurasikirwa Kwekuisa: Kurasikirwa kwekuisa ndiko kurasikirwa kunoitika kana chiratidzo chichipfuura neATU. Izvo zvakakosha kuti usarudze ATU ine yakaderera yekuisa kurasikirwa kuti uderedze chiratidzo chekumisikidza uye kukanganisa.

6. Tuning Speed: Iyo yekumhanyisa yekumhanyisa ndiyo nguva yainotora kuti ATU ifanane neiyo impedance yeantenna system kune transmitter kana inogamuchira inobuda. Iyo yekumhanyisa yekumhanyisa inofanirwa kukurumidza zvakakwana kuti ienderane neiyo frequency yechiratidzo uye kusiyanisa kwesimba.

7. Noise Figure: Iyo ruzha nhamba chiyero chekuita ruzha rweATU. Inoratidza huwandu hwemheremhere inounzwa muchiratidzo sezvainopfuura neATU. Nhamba yeruzha inofanira kunge yakaderera sezvinobvira kuderedza kukanganiswa kwechiratidzo uye ruzha.

8. Saizi uye Huremu: Saizi uye huremu hweATU hunogona kuve hwakakosha kufunga, zvichienderana neiyo chaiyo application uye yekuisa zvinodiwa. Madiki, asina kuremerwa maATU anogona kuve anodiwa mune dzimwe nguva, nepo akakura, akasimba mayuniti angave akadikanwa kune akakwira-simba maapplication.

Muchidimbu, izvi zvemuviri uye zveRF zvakatemwa zvakakosha pakusarudza antenna tuning unit. Nekusarudza iyo ATU inosangana neizvi zvakatemwa, iyo antenna system inogona kuwana yakanyanya kuita uye inopa yakavimbika, yemhando yepamusoro yekufambisa chiratidzo uye kugamuchira.
Ndeupi misiyano yeantenna tuning unit inoshandiswa mune dzakasiyana chiteshi?
Iyo antenna tuning unit (ATU) inoshandiswa munhepfenyuro dzakasiyana inogona kusiyanisa zvakanyanya zvichienderana neiyo chaiyo application uye frequency renji. Heano mimwe misiyano pakati peATUs inoshandiswa munhepfenyuro dzakasiyana siyana:

1. UHF/VHF Nhepfenyuro dzeNhepfenyuro: UHF/VHF nhepfenyuro dzinowanzo shandisa maATU akagadzirirwa yakatarwa frequency renji, senge 350-520 MHz yeVHF uye 470-890 MHz yeUHF. Aya maATU anowanzo kuvakwa mukati meiyo antenna chimiro kana akaiswa padyo neantenna. Vanogona kushandisa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekufananidza, dzakadai sekota-wave transformer, gamma match, kana balun. Zvakanakira kushandisa ATU yakatsaurirwa yeUHF/VHF mafambisirwo anosanganisira kuvandudzwa kwechiratidzo chemhando uye kushanda zvakanaka, nepo zvimwe zvinokanganisa zvinosanganisira kudhura kwakanyanya uye hunyanzvi hwekuisa uye kugadzirisa zvinodiwa.

2. Nhepfenyuro dzeTV: Nhepfenyuro dzeTV dzinoshandisa maATU akagadziridzwa kune yakatarwa chiteshi frequency, senge 2-13 yeVHF uye 14-51 yeUHF. Aya maATU anogona kushandisa hunyanzvi hwakasiyana kuenzanisa iyo impedance, senge latching relay, otomatiki yekufananidza network, kana yakamisikidzwa inoenderana network. Iwo anowanzo kukwidziridzwa mune yakaparadzana midziyo kamuri kana chivakwa uye akabatana kune transmitter kuburikidza neiyo coaxial tambo. Zvakanakira kushandisa TV-chaiyo ATU zvinosanganisira yakavandudzwa chiratidzo chemhando uye kuenderana neinotapurirana, nepo zvisizvo zvingasanganisira mutengo wakakwira uye zvakanyanya kuoma kuisirwa uye kugadzirisa zvinodiwa.

3. AM Nhepfenyuro dzeNhepfenyuro: Nhepfenyuro dzeAM dzinoshandisa maATU akagadzirwa kuti aenderane neiyo impedance yeantenna kune transmitter inobuda impedance, iyo inowanzoita makumi mashanu Ohms. Aya maATU anogona kushandisa nzira dzakasiyana, senge pi-network, L-network, kana T-network. Vanogonawo kusanganisira zvikamu zvekusefa kubvisa zvisingadiwe frequency. Iwo anowanzo kuwanikwa mukamuri yemidziyo yakaparadzana kana chivakwa uye akabatanidzwa kune inotapurirana kuburikidza netambo yekufambisa, senge waya yakavhurika kana coaxial tambo. Zvakanakira kushandisa AM-chaiyo ATU zvinosanganisira yakagadziridzwa mhando yechiratidzo uye kuenderana neinotapurirana, nepo zvisizvo zvingasanganisira kudhura kwakakwira uye kuomesesa kwekuisa uye kugadzirisa zvinodiwa.

4. Nhepfenyuro dzeFM: Nhepfenyuro dzeFM dzinoshandisa maATU akagadziridzwa imwe frequency bhendi, se88-108 MHz. Aya maATU anogona kushandisa maitiro akasiyana kuenzanisa iyo impedance, senge stub tuner, butterfly capacitor, kana yakapetwa dipole antenna. Vanogonawo kusanganisira zvikamu zvekusefa kubvisa zvisingadiwe frequency. Iwo anowanzo kuwanikwa mune yakaparadzana kamuri yemidziyo kana chivakwa uye akabatana kune inotapurirana kuburikidza netambo yekufambisa, senge coaxial tambo kana waveguide. Zvakanakira kushandisa FM-chaiyo ATU zvinosanganisira yakagadziridzwa chiratidzo chemhando uye kuenderana neinotapurirana, nepo izvo zvazvakaipira zvinogona kusanganisira mitengo yakakwira uye yakawedzera hunyanzvi hwekuisa nekugadzirisa zvinodiwa.

Mukupedzisa, kusarudzwa kweATU yenhepfenyuro yenhepfenyuro kunoenderana nezvinhu zvakati wandei, zvinosanganisira frequency renji, simba rekutumira, mhando yechiratidzo, uye kuisirwa uye kugadzirisa zvinodiwa. Nekusarudza iyo ATU yakakodzera uye nekugadzirisa mashandiro ayo, nhepfenyuro inogona kuwana yakanyanya kunaka mhando uye kuvimbika, kuve nechokwadi chepamusoro-mhando yekufambisa kwemasaini uye kugamuchirwa.
Maitiro ekusarudza antenna tuning unit kune akasiyana nhepfenyuro?
Kusarudza yakanakisa antenna tuning unit (ATU) yenhepfenyuro yekutepfenyura inoda kunyatsotariswa kweiyo chaiyo application, frequency renji, simba rekutumira, uye zvimwe zvinodikanwa zvekuita. Heano mamwe mazano ekusarudza yakanakisa ATU kune akasiyana nhepfenyuro maapplication:

1. UHF Nhepfenyuro: Kana uchisarudza ATU yenhepfenyuro yeUHF, tsvaga maATU akagadzirirwa frequency renji inoshandiswa nechiteshi, iyo inowanzoita 470-890 MHz. Iyo ATU inofanirwa kuve yakagadziridzwa yekudzikira yekuisa kurasikirwa uye yakakwirira simba rekubata simba kuti ideredze kukanganiswa kwechiratidzo uye kuve nechokwadi kutapurirana kwakavimbika. ATU yakatsaurirwa iyo yakavakirwa mukati meantenna chimiro kana yakamisikidzwa padyo neantenna inogona kunge iri sarudzo yakanakisa yeUHF nhepfenyuro.

2. VHF Nhepfenyuro yeNhepfenyuro: Kune nhepfenyuro yeVHF, sarudza ATU yakagadziridzwa kune chaiyo VHF frequency renji inoshandiswa nechiteshi, iyo inowanzoita 174-230 MHz. Iyo ATU inofanirwa kuve neyakaderera yekuisa kurasikirwa uye yakakura simba rekubata simba kuti ive nechokwadi chekufambisa kwakavimbika. ATU yakatsaurirwa yakavakirwa mukati meiyo antenna chimiro kana yakamisikidzwa padyo neantenna inogona kunge iri sarudzo yakanakisa yeVHF nhepfenyuro.

3. FM Radio Station: Kune nhepfenyuro yeFM, sarudza ATU iyo yakagadziridzwa kune chaiyo frequency bhendi inoshandiswa nechiteshi, iyo inowanzoita 88-108 MHz. Iyo ATU inofanirwa kunge ine yakaderera yekuisa kurasikirwa uye yakakwirira simba rekubata kugona kuderedza kukanganiswa kwechiratidzo uye kuve nechokwadi kutapurirana kwakavimbika. ATU yakatsaurirwa iyo iri mune yakaparadzana kamuri yemidziyo kana chivakwa uye yakabatana kune inotapurirana kuburikidza netambo yekufambisa, senge coaxial tambo, inogona kunge iri sarudzo yakanakisa yeFM radio station.

4. Nhepfenyuro yeTV: Paunenge uchisarudza ATU yenhepfenyuro yeTV, sarudza ATU yakagadziridzwa kune chaiyo chiteshi frequency inoshandiswa nechiteshi, iyo inowanzo 2-13 yeVHF uye 14-51 yeUHF. Iyo ATU inofanirwa kuve neyakaderera yekuisa kurasikirwa uye yakakura simba rekubata simba kuti ive nechokwadi chekufambisa kwakavimbika. Iyo ATU yakatsaurirwa iyo iri mune yakaparadzana kamuri yemidziyo kana chivakwa uye yakabatana kune inotapurirana kuburikidza nekoaxial tambo inogona kunge iri yakanakisa sarudzo yeTV nhepfenyuro.

5. AM Nhepfenyuro: Kune AM nhepfenyuro yenhepfenyuro, sarudza ATU yakagadziridzwa kune chaiyo frequency renji inoshandiswa nechiteshi, iyo inowanzoita 530-1710 kHz. Iyo ATU inofanirwa kugadzirwa kuti ienderane neiyo impedance yeantenna kune transmitter inobuda impedance, iyo inowanzoita makumi mashanu Ohms. Pi-network kana T-network ATU inogona kunge iri sarudzo yakanakisa ye AM nhepfenyuro.

Mukupedzisa, kusarudza yakanakisa ATU yenhepfenyuro yeredhiyo inoda kunyatsotariswa kweiyo frequency renji, simba rekubata simba, kurasikirwa kwekuisa, uye impedance yekufananidza zvinodiwa. Nekusarudza iyo ATU yakakodzera uye nekunatsiridza kuita kwayo, nhepfenyuro inokwanisa kuwana huwandu hwechiratidzo chemhando uye kuvimbika, kuve nechokwadi chekufambiswa kwechiratidzo chemhando yepamusoro uye kugamuchirwa.
Iyo antenna tuning unit inogadzirwa uye kuiswa sei?
Heino tarisiro yemaitiro ekugadzira uye kuisa Antenna Tuning Unit (ATU) mukati mechiteshi chekutepfenyura:

1. Dhizaini uye Injiniya: Maitiro acho anotanga nedhizaini uye engineering chikamu, uko zvakatemwa uye zvinodiwa zveATU zvakatemwa. Izvi zvinosanganisira frequency renji, simba rekubata simba, tuning renji, uye mamwe ma parameter.

2. Component Sourcing: Mushure mechikamu chekugadzira, zvinhu zvakaita se capacitors, inductors, uye resistors zvinotorwa kubva kune vanovimbika vatengesi kuti ive yemhando yepamusoro.

3. Yakadhindwa Circuit Board (PCB) Dhizaini uye Manufacturing: Bhodhi redunhu rakagadzirwa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira zveATU uye rinogadzirwa nemichina yemagetsi.

4. Gungano: Dare redunhu uye zvimwe zvikamu zvinosanganisira maseketi akabatanidzwa anounganidzwa nenyanzvi dzehunyanzvi mumatanho chaiwo. Bhodhi rinoedzwa nemagetsi kuti rive nechokwadi chekushanda.

5. Kugadzirisa ATU: Iyo ATU inozorongedzerwa kuita kwakaringana munzvimbo yekugadzira.

6. Quality Control: Kuongororwa kwekupedzisira nevashandi vekutonga kwemhando kunoitwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti ATU inosangana nezvose zvakatemwa.

7. Kugadzira uye Packaging: Mushure mekupfuura cheki chekutonga chemhando, maATU anogadzirwa muhuwandu uye akaputirwa kuti atumire.

8. Kutumira uye Kuendesa: MaATU anobva atumirwa kunhepfenyuro kana muparadzi.

9. Kuiswa uye Kubatanidza: Kutevera kuendesa, maATU anoiswa, akabatanidzwa, uye akabatana kune inotepfenyura transmitter. Kuita uku kunogona kusanganisira kutsiva zvinhu zvekare kana kuisa iyo ATU muchiteshi chiripo chekufambisa network.

10. Kuedza uye Kugadzirisa: Iyo ATU inozoyedzwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti inoshanda nemazvo uye inopa kuita kwakakwana kunodiwa pakushandisa kwayo. Iyo zvakare yakagadziridzwa kuti ikwidzise tuning yayo uye impedance yekufananidza kugona.

11. Kunyatsogadzirisa uye Optimization: Mushure mekuisirwa, iyo ATU's impedance yekufananidza inogadziridzwa uye yakagadziridzwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti inoenderana nekubuda kweiyo impedance ye transmitter uye antenna system, kuwedzera iyo chiratidzo chekubuda kwesimba mazinga.

12. FCC Certification: Chekupedzisira, iyo ATU inosimbiswa nezviremera zvakakodzera, zvakaita seFCC, kuve nechokwadi chekuti inosangana nezviyero zvekudzora kugoverwa kwefrequency, mazinga emagetsi akawanda, uye mamwe ma parameter.

Mukupedzisa, iyo antenna tuning unit (ATU) chishandiso chakakosha munhepfenyuro chinoda huinjiniya chaihwo nekugadzira kuti ive nechokwadi chekushanda kwakakwana. Maitiro ekugadzira uye kuisa ATU anosanganisira akawanda akaomesesa matanho, kubva pakugadzira uye mainjiniya kusvika kuyedzwa, chitupa, kuisirwa, uye optimization. Matanho ese aya anofanirwa kusangana nemhando yepamusoro yebasa uye chengetedzo kuti ibudise emhando yepamusoro uye isingapindire-isina masaini anosvika kune vakatarisirwa.
Iwe unochengeta sei nenzira kwayo antenna tuning unit?
Kuchengeta antenna tuning unit (ATU) muchiteshi chekutepfenyura kwakakosha kuchengetedza michina ichishanda nemazvo uye kugadzira masaini emhando yepamusoro. Heano mamwe matipi ekuti ungachengeta sei ATU nemazvo:

Kuongorora: Gara uchiongorora ATU yezviratidzo zvekukuvara, kupera uye kubvaruka, uye chero zviratidzo zvekuora kana ngura. Tarisa mawaya, zvinobatanidza, uye waya yepasi kuona zviratidzo zveoxidation, uye kukuvara.

2. Kuchenesa: Chengetedza ATU yakachena nekuipukuta pasi nguva dzose uchishandisa jira rakachena, rakaoma. Iwe unogonawo kushandisa bhurashi rakapfava-bristled kubvisa chero guruva uye tsvina inogona kuungana pamusoro peATU.

3. Kuongorora kwesimba: Tarisa mazinga emagetsi kuti uone kuti ATU haina kukuvadzwa nesimba rakawandisa. Kutarisisa kwemagetsi kwakaringana kunogona kudzivirirawo kukuvadza emitter, iyo inogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya kuita kweATU.

4. Nguva Dzose Tuning: Iyo Tuning unit inoda apo neapo kurongeka kwekuita kwakaringana kuchengetedza yaunoda impedance padyo nekufananidza uye tuning frequency renji.

5. Kudzivirirwa Kwemamiriro ekunze: Iyo ATU inogara munzvimbo inodzivirira mamiriro ekunze kudzivirira kubva kune mamiriro ekunze akadai semvura, guruva, uye marara emhepo, izvo zvinogona kukuvadza zvikamu zvayo zvemukati. Kudzivirirwa kwemamiriro ekunze kwakakodzera kunogona kudzivirira kukanganisa uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti ATU inoshanda nemazvo nekufamba kwenguva.

6. Grounding: Ita shuwa kuti iyo yepasi system inoshanda uye inowirirana kuburitsa chero oscillation kana static kuvaka-ups. Izvi zvinovimbisa kugadzikana kweRF munda, iyo yakakosha pakushanda kwakakodzera kweATU.

7. Zvinyorwa: Chengetedza magwaro akakodzera emabasa anokosha akadai sekugadzirisa nguva dzose, kuchinja kwehuwandu, kana kuchinjwa kwechikwata kuti uchengetedze mamiriro eATU nekufamba kwenguva.

Nekutevera maitiro ekugadzirisa akakodzera, iyo ATU ichashanda yakavimbika uye inoburitsa emhando yepamusoro uye isina kupindira-isina masaini eredhiyo anosvika kune vakatarisirwa. Kugara uchiongorora, tuning, kuchenesa, magwaro akakodzera, kutariswa kwemagetsi, kudzika kwepasi kunoshanda, uye kuchengetedza kwemamiriro ekunze kunovimbisa kuita kwakakwana uye kuwedzera hupenyu hweATU.
Iwe unogadzirisa sei antenna tuning unit kana ikatadza kushanda?
Kana antenna tuning unit (ATU) ikatadza kushanda nemazvo, unogona kutevera matanho aya kugadzirisa iyo unit:

1. Ziva Dambudziko: Danho rokutanga nderokuona kuti ndechipi chikamu cheATU chiri kutadza kushanda. Iwe unogona kuita izvi nekutarisa maitiro ehurongwa, uye nekuita nhevedzano yebvunzo ine multimeter kuti uone midzi yedambudziko.

2. Tsiva Chinhu Chinokanganisa: Kana uchinge waona chikamu chinokanganisa, chitsiva uye edza ATU zvakare kuti uone kana iri kushanda nemazvo. Zvikamu zvakajairika zvinotsiva zvinosanganisira fuse, capacitors, inductors, diode, kana transistors.

3. Tarisa iyo Power Supply: Ita shuwa kuti ATU irikugashira simba kubva kutsime, senge AC magetsi, uye kuti voltage neazvino zviri mukati meiyo ATU yakatarwa.

4. Tarisa MaConnections: Ongorora wiring yeATU, kusanganisira yekubatanidza pasi, chiratidzo uye magetsi ekuisa, uye zvinobuda, uye chero tamper-proof seals. Simbisa chero yakasununguka zviteshi kana zvinongedzo uye ongororazve iyo ATU.

5. Kuchenesa: Izvo zvikamu zveATU zvinogona kuunganidza huruva, marara, kana zvimwe zvinosvibisa nekufamba kwenguva, zvichitungamira kune mapfupi maseketi kana kumwe kusashanda zvakanaka. Shandisa bhurashi nedoro kuti uchenese zvikamu izvi uye kubvisa chero ngura kubva kune zvibatanidza kana waya dzepasi.

6. Gadzirisa The Printed Circuit Board (PCB): Kana iyo ATU's PCB ikakuvadzwa, igadzirise kana kuitsiva. MaPCB anogona kugadzirwa nenyanzvi ine hunyanzvi mukugadzirisa zvakaomarara zvemagetsi.

7. Professional Repair: Pakugadzirisa kwepamusoro kana zvimwe zvinhu zvakaoma, zvingave zvakakosha kubvunza nyanzvi yakadzidziswa. Ivo vane hunyanzvi uye maturusi ekuongorora nekugadzirisa zvakakanganiswa kupfuura chiyero cheavhareji tekinoroji.

Mukupedzisa, kugadzirisa ATU kunoda nzira yemaitiro uye yakakwana. Zvinosanganisira kuona dambudziko, kutsiva zvinhu zvisina kunaka, kuongorora zvinongedzo, kuchenesa, uye dzimwe nguva kugadzirisa PCB. Nekutarisirwa kwakakodzera uye kugadzirisa, ATU inogona kupa makore ebasa rakavimbika, kuvandudza chiratidzo chechiratidzo ichichengetedza mari yekugadzirisa uye kuderera.

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    TAURA NESU

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    FMUSER INTERNATIONAL GROUP LIMITED.

    Isu tinogara tichipa vatengi vedu zvigadzirwa zvakavimbika uye masevhisi ane hanya.

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