Discone Antenna 101 - Zvese Zvinokunetsa Zvinopindurwa munzvimbo Imwe

    

Funga kuti chii chinokubatsira kuti utarise iyo yemhepo webhusaiti traffic kana kuronda zviteshi zvinobudirira? Ndiyo Discone Antenna. Parizvino, tichifunga kuti uri pazasi, isu tiri kufunga kuti iwe hauna kana zano rakawanda maererano neiyi antenna.

     

Mune ino Discone Antenna 101, isu tiri kunyanya kupaza zvinhu zvese zvaunoda kuti uzive nezve chishandiso ichi. Saka, pasina imwe dambudziko, bvumira kunyura mukati.

    

Discone Antenna 101

Muchinyorwa chipfupi ichi, isu tanyatso edza kupindura kune yega yega kunetsekana nezve Discone Antenna. Saka, regai tisvike pazviri.

    

          

1. Chii Chinonzi Discone Antenna Inoshandiswa?

-Antennas zvagara zviri nzira yekuvimbisa kuti kufambiswa kwemasaisai, senge masaini eredhiyo kana microwaves, anogona kusvika kwaanoenda.

   

Discone antenna imwe antenna yakadaro. Inogona kushandiswa kufambisa mabasa nenzira yeomnidirectional wideband style kana data transmission, iyo ine zvivakwa zvakafanana neanowanikwa ane akasiyana mamwe ma antennas asi pahupamhi siyana.

    

Discone antenna inozivikanwa nekugona kwayo kukopa chimiro chekoni, iyo inoita kuti ive yakakwana seyese-chinangwa redhiyo inogamuchira.

    

Nekuda kweizvozvo, vanhu vazhinji vanoashandisa mukutaurirana maapplication, kubva pakuongorora uye zvakare yekutarisa bhizinesi kana mauto enguva dzose kusvika kune ekugara scanner anofarira mamodheru ayo chero munhu werudzi rwese anogona kushandisa nehunyanzvi hwakakosha pamashandiro avanoita.

   

Discone antennas isarudzo yakajairwa yenguva dzose pamusoro pe30 MHz, asi kamwe nechinguva, inogona kushandiswa mumhando yakaderedzwa ye10-30MHz.

     

      

Iyi radiation yakadzika-ekona yakasarudzika kune VHF/ UHF zvikumbiro uchifunga kuti ine isingadaviriki senitivity inofanana kana kuti ingangoita padivi pePlaneti - uye kwete panzvimbo yakasimudzwa inotangira sezvinoita ruzhinji rwema antennas.

     

Kuno kunotungamira kumagumo kwebandwidth yayo, zvisinei, zvinova pachena kuti kutarisisa uku kunowedzera uye zvakanyanya kubva-axis sezvaunoswedera pedyo munzira yerimwe divi; zvakadaro zvichiri kushanda zvakadaro!

     

Iwo akakura pamwe nekurema, zvichiita kuti dzisakodzere nharembozha kana handheld gadget; zvisinei, dhizaini yavo inovabvumira kupa yakanakisa chiratidzo chekugamuchira pamusoro penyika dzakayambuka!

      

2. Kungoti Discone Antenna Inoshanda Sei

Iyo Discone antenna imhando yakaoma kunzwisisa, asi inogona kukwenenzverwa kuita iri nyore kunzwisisa.

        

Iyo denderedzwa dhisiki uye makoni maficha anoteedzera zvakaringana simba remagetsi rechinhu chakazara-chakatenderera chinhu, senge icho munhu anogona kuona pamusoro pezvivakwa zvakati wandei kana pamusoro peshongwe dzakareba.

         

Naizvozvo, zvakatowanda, madhisiki anogadzira simulation iri nani; zvisinei, pane dzimwe tradeoffs pakati pekuvaka mari uyewo mhepo kuramba pamwe nzira dzakawandisa discs pedyo mumwe.

       

Madhisiki matanhatu anowanzo kushanda zvakanaka-- nhamba haina kukosha sezvo isingade kuenzanisa chero chinhu chiri kunze kwechinhambwe chavo.

        

Nekudaro, iwe unovashuvira vakamisikidzwa kune angangoita mafiti maviri kubva kune mumwe nemumwe kuitira kuti vasakanganise chero rudzi rwekoni 'kugona kuwana masaini pasina kukanganisa.

         

        

Mukuita Discone, simba rekudyisa rinogutsa iyo RF antenna, iyo inokwira pamusoro penzvimbo yekoni.

       

Kubva panhongonya kuenda pahwaro, zvinogoneka kuti simba rinovhenekwa iri ritungamirirwe nenzira inobudirira munzira kana kure kubva kuzvinhu zviri munyika zvichivimba nemhando yazvo maererano nekukwirira pamusoro pedhigirii repasi.

       

Iyo yakavimbika kwazvo mwaranzi pateni inoitika pamakona akaderera mukati meiyo omnidirectional yakachinjika ndege inochengetedza kurongeka kwayo kunyangwe kugadziridzwa kwenguva dzose.

         

Zvakadaro, kana mafrequency akakura achitariswa, pane kudzikira nekuda kwekukanganisa kwenzira dzakawanda sekusiyana kwezvipingamupinyi, zvichikonzera kukwidziridzwa kwezvivakwa.

         

Discone antenna inozivikanwa seresonant antenna. Iyo ine nzvimbo yekudyisa mukuwedzera kwairi, uye pachinzvimbo ichocho, matambudziko aripo anowanikwawo ipapo.

       

Yakanyorwa pazasi payo shoma frequency degree, mutambo weRF kune 50-ohm coax inoguma yave yakaipa zvakanyanya. Zvakadaro, kana iyo frequency yakwira pamusoro peichi chinhu, inowana inonzwisisika inofananidzwa pane ese mafrequency munhevedzano yekushanda kana kutapurirana simba.

     

Chimiro chinoita kuti kuseta kusanyanya kunetsa uye zvakare haishevedze chero ekunze zvikamu sezvinoita monopole tower antennas. Iyo zvakare inochengetedza yakakosha nzvimbo yepasi nekuzvimiririra pasina chero chinodiwa kune yepasi link.

         

Iwo ekupedzisira maviri maficha anonyora mamwe mabhenefiti pamusoro pemhando idzi uye mamwe senge omnidirectional hafu-wave dipole nekuda kweiyo yepamusoro pfuma chinhu sezvo vaine yakawanda yakawanda nzvimbo kana yasiyana padivi.

       

3. Are Discone Antennas Chero Makuru

-Discone antennas inzira yakasarudzika kune chero mhando yemushandisi ine kudiwa kwehukuru bandwidth basa.

       

Aya antennas anogona kubata 10: 1 yemhando, ichivaita masevhisi akakwana ekuvhara mabhendi senge scanner uye zvakare akawanda akasiyana mamwe maapplication.

        

Discone antennas dzakaratidza kuve nani pane zvaimbotaurwa kare kune vanoita zvekutamba kana mashandisirwo ehunyanzvi sezvo panogona kunge pasina nguva dzose chinhu chavasingafaniri kutumira.

       

Kana ichigona kupa kufambisa kwakadaro kwepamusoro-soro mumabhendi akasiyana-siyana pasina kukanganisa kudiki kubva kunze, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa kurira kwemhando yepamusoro.

       

Discone antennas anowanzo furatirwa pakutariswa neredhiyo scanning nekuti haakwanise kutumira.

           

             

Iwo anowanzo shandiswa seanogashira mafungu eRF, asi nemaitiro avo ekupenya ari padyo neakanakisa 360 madhigirii, hapana zvimwe zvakawanda zvaungade kubva kwavari!

      

Discone antennas akakwana kuVHF pamwe neUHF zvikumbiro zvakaita semapurisa, kudzima moto, geology expedition, uye zvakare redhiyo nyeredzi.

       

Iyo radiation angle inosimudza zvishoma pamusoro peiyo antenna yenguva dzose siyana, izvo zvinoratidza kuti kugamuchirwa kwayo kwakatetepa mukubatsira kufumura madhipoziti pasi pevhu kana kutsvaga emergency padhuze; inobatsirawo kuronda shanduko ye geological pamusoro pePasi.

         

4. Chii Chiri Kushanda Maitiro eDiscone Antenna?

-Discone antenna inogona kunge iri yakavimbika uye ine mukurumbira superhigh frequency (RF) antenna. Chimiro chine dhisiki, koni, uye zvakare insulator kugadzira chiratidzo cheRF mune yese mirairo.

        

Zvinoenderana neakasiyana masosi ekuti yaifanirwa kutaridzika sei, dhayamita yedhisiki inowanzoitika ka 0.7 pane yekufamba kwayo quarter wavelength; kana uchida mafrequency ako kubva pa150-200 MHz, mushure mezvo shandisa 1-inch disks ane 2 inches pakati pawo akaiswa 8 tsoka dzakaparadzana).

       

Saizi inonzwisisika yegadziriro iyi ingangoita chikamu chimwe muzvina wavelength pa 160 metres kureba kana 16 metres kureba).

         

Zvimwe zvimiro zvine macones anopfuura maviri akaturikidzana anonzi "piled discs," saka anogona kuvhara 2 wavelengths pa3 watts imwe neimwe! Kuderedzwa kwekukwirira kunopa zviri nani kugara.

       

Iko kona yekoni kana mapango anoumba de facto Discone antenna inogona kusiyana kubva pamakumi maviri neshanu kusvika makumi mana mazinga. Chimiro, pamwe neiyo insulator, inoda kupatsanurwa nenzvimbo yemhepo kuti isataudzane, izvo zvingaite kana zvisiri izvo kugashira kwechimiro pane makuru mafrequency.

        

      

Payakaderera-frequency renji senge 100 MHz, uko kune kushomeka kudiki mativi ese ewavelength (kumucheto kwemberi hakuna munhu), kuita mukuwana uyezve kutapurirana simba kwakafanana kune aya antenna sezvazviri kune epasi ndege antennas senge zvigamba. .

      

Zvakadaro shanduko iyi kana uchinge wapinda mune yakakwira-frequency renji yakatenderedza 1 GHz nekuda kwekuti masaisai emagetsi anobhururuka achibva kunzvimbo dzinobata dzakavakidzana - zvakanyanya kana zvivakwa zvavo zvikachinja zvisingatarisirwi neimwe nzira kuburikidza nechimwe chinhu chinodaidzwa kuti "reflection" kana mwenje ukabuda kubva pazvinhu zvakasiyana.

     

5. Kunyatsoita Makombiyuta Discone Antenna

-Nhanho yekutanga mukombuta yeDiscone antenna ndeyekuona iyo yaanofarira kugara, iyo inoda kugadziridzwa kuti inyatsoshanda.

        

Tevere, verenga zviyero zvemadhisiki ese uye wowana nharaunda yavo uchishandisa ingave trigonometry kana kuwanza rimwe nerimwe divi rehurefu nguva Pi.

       

Sezvo uine ako maviri-akasiyana-siyana madenderedzwa (idiki-saizi yemukati denderedzwa zvirokwazvo ichagara iri saizi imwe ipfupi pane yekunze), inguva yekuona kuti mangani ma radials pa inch aripo pane yega dimensioning system.

       

         

Izvi zvinogona kupedzwa zviri nyore kuburikidza nekukamuranisa kureba nepenzura uye nebepa: patsanura 360 madhigirii mupi kusvika wasvika pamhinduro inokwana kusvika 1/4th yedhigirii; wobva wapatsanura kamwe zvakare sezvinodiwa kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti chero nhamba dzechikamu mushure medesimali inodzima kana uchipatsanura kumashure.

        

Parizvino, sanganisa ese computations, uye zvakare iwe zvechokwadi uchawana yako yaunoda mhedzisiro!

           

6. Kunyatsochinja Discone Antenna

-Kugadzirisa antenna yeDiscone, iwe unofanirwa kutanga waona kuti koni haina kuderera zvakanyanya uye ine nzvimbo yekuwedzera gadziridzo.

            

Kuti uite izvi, isa ruoko rwako pamusoro pekoni neminwe yakareba sekunge wakabata apuro kana chimwe chinhu chakatenderera.

        

Kana paine akati wandei ma voids pakati pezvigunwe zvako uye nechepasi pekudya - inogona kuchinjwa zvakanyanya.

         

         

Iwe uchaona kushandura screws pabhesi, iyo inogona kushandiswa kuvasimudza nekushandura yekuruboshwe / kurudyi screwdriver kusvika wagutsikana nechiyero kubva kumusoro kuona (usapinde obsessive tweaking ipapo).

        

Kana usiri nyanzvi mumunda, zvinogona kunetsa kuona kuti ungashandura sei Discone antenna yako. Neraki, kune mushonga uri nyore: tsanangura bhuku rekutungamira rinosanganisira iyi mhando yeantenna!

         

7. Just sei Kuisa uyewo Mount a Discone Antenna

-Kureba kweantenna kuchaita mutsauko kune mutsara-wekuona comms. Imba mune nzira inowanzo kanganisa kushoma, zvisinei, kana antenna yako isingaone nzvimbo dzakapfuura dzakakukomberedza, mushure meizvozvo, inogona kunge isisakwanise kuwana masaini kana kuve neyakakwana yekudzivirira.

         

Inogonawo kugadzira ruzha kubva kune zvimwe zviwanikwa zvinogona kukanganisa kutapurirana kwechiratidzo pamwe nekugamuchira.

        

Iyo yakanakisa poindi ingave nzvimbo yakakwira kumusoro sezvinobvira, saka hapana nyonganiso nechero chinhu chakavakidzana - izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kubvisa miti zvakare padyo!

         

Usazvinetse nekusawirirana kwekuramba. Discone antennas, pamwe nevanogamuchira, havana inoenderera mberi yekupinza mukati meiyo siyana, saka chero mhando yemusiyano mudiki mu coax haina basa.

      

Ichave zvakare yakachipa kupfuura mamwe tambo dzakawanda dzinopihwa zviri nyore kuchitoro chako chemidziyo yedunhu, izvo zvinoratidza kuti unogona kuzvitenga kubva pane spool kuti mubhadharo uwedzere nyore kwauri!

              

        

Iwe, hongu, uchada maadapter ekugadzirisa ako Discone antennas kana anogashira kuti akwane nemadoko akasiyana.

    

Nekudaro, izvi ndezvekuti, nhau dzakanaka ndedzekuti, maitiro ari nyore anosanganisira maviri chete links pachishandiso (chero maturusi aya akaitwa mukati memakore mashanu).

          

Iyo yekare coaxial terevhizheni tambo terevhizheni inogona kushandiswa kubatsira kukudza uye kupatsanura masaini eDiscone antenna yako.

      

Tambo dzakasimba kumberi, zvisinei, dzinovhara frequency kubva pa70 MHz - 800MHz (kusvika pakuchinja kwedhijitari), izvo zvakanakisa kana iwe uchifarira kuwana akawanda chiteshi uchishandisa iyo mhando yechiratidzo.

       

Kana iwe uchida yakakwira zvakajairwa, chishandiso chine simba kana chisingaiti chine amplifiers chakanangwa kune dzimwe nzvimbo chinogona kushanda zvirinani saka iwe uchichida!

         

8. Kunyatsoita Discone Antenna yeRTL-SDR

- Nhanho yekutanga yekuvaka Discone antenna yeRTL-SDR kuchengetedza zvinhu zvinodiwa, senge waya yemhangura, tambo dzisina solderless breadboard, pamwe neRTL-SDR. Tevere kubva, iwe unozofanirwa kugadzira maviri emhando dzemakoiri anozoshanda semadhairekitori kana maratidziro.shanyira chinyorwa ichi

      

Rudzi rumwe runogona kugadzirwa nekubatanidza zvinhu zvisere zvakafanana kudivi rimwe nerimwe zvine masendimita matanhatu pakati pazvo, nepo imwe sarudzo ndeye kubata mativi gumi nemaviri munhevedzano, akaparadzana zvakafanana pamusoro pemamita mashanu.

         

          

Kuti uvimbise chero chakanyatsonamirwa, chenjerera paunenge uchishanda padhuze nemhando ipi neipi yechinhu chesimbi, saka haina kupfupisa chero chinhu!

        

Zviito zvekupedzisira zvinosanganisira kugadzira zvinongedzo kubva kune ese maadapter achiburitsa simba remagetsi mumasruuru akaiswa nemazaru kumagumo kwakatarisana nepaakabatanidzwa, woabatanidza pamwechete.

         

Discone Antenna vs. Dipole

SaDiscone, Dipole Antenna iri kuwana mukurumbira zvakare. Kana iwe uchinetsekana nezvekuenda kuDiscone kana Dipole, iwe unonzwisisa zviri nani mutsauko wavo zvishoma.

        

Discone Antenna

A Discone antenna haina kufanana nemamwe antenna, uko makoni ese ari maviri anotsiviwa nedhisiki. Iyo dhisiki inongove pamusoro pekoni imwe pachinzvimbo chezvose zviri mubiconical antennas.

      

Iyo chaiyo Discone antenna inosanganisira yakasimba simbi koni uye dhisiki. Muchiitiko ichi, inogona kuvhara 2 octaves yebhanwidth, iyo inobatsira kune vanofarira vanoda kuterera mumabhendi akasiyana-siyana se 140-500 MHz pasina kukanganisa kubva kune vamwe mukati mehutano hwakafanana.

      

Zvakadaro, vanhu vazhinji vanoshandisa madhisiki ane mapango anoabatanidza panzvimbo nekuti iwo asingadhure pane makoni/madhisiki akavakwa kunze kwerudzi rumwe rwechigadzirwa.

      

Kuenzaniswa nekurasikirwa nekugona, aya antennas haanyanyi kushanda pakakwirira senge 54MHz kana akashandiswa ane vertical whip antennas.

     

Kana iwe ukashandisa kutaurirwa zvinopesana nesimbi-yakagadzirwa makoni, inoderedza kurodha kwemhepo uye zvakare inoita kuti chivakwa uye kuvaka kuve nyore. Ndosaka maDiscone antennas achifarirwa neamateur radio operators.

       

         

Iwe unogona kugadzira masipoki kana mbabvu newaya yakaomarara yauinayo yakatenderedza; semuenzaniso, simbi dzekubhuroka dzichashanda zvinoshamisa kana iwe uri akazvipira mubindu anofarira seni!

    

Iwo anowanzo kugadzirwa nesimbi yakasimba sheet, ndosaka akakodzera kuVHF kana UHF maapplication anoitika padhuze nedanho repasi, uko kunowanikwa zvirinani kumasaini.

        

Iyo radiation angle inosimudza zvishoma pahupamhi hwenguva dzose, zvichiratidza kuti maDiscones anoita anotyisa emukati eWi-Fi antenna nekuda kweiyo isina waya inowanzoitika mune iyi bandwidth (UNAVCO).

        

Dipole Kanyanga

Iyo dipole antenna ndeye yakajairika mhando yeRF antenna. Iyo yakajairwa dhizaini ye dipole inogona kushandiswa yega, kana inogona kubata nerenji kugadzira imwe, inova yakaomesesa mhando yeredhiyo yekutaurirana nendege.

      

Iyi antenna yakashandiswa zvakanyanya muHF, VHF, pamwe nezvikamu zveUHF sezvinenge zvinopenya kana zvinhu zvinofambiswa, zvinoenderana nezvaunoda panguva iyoyo. Zvinotora nhamburiko shoma kugadzira chishandiso chiri nyore ichi.

       

Iyo dipole antenna ndiyo yekutanga uye inochinjika dhizaini yekuwana yakaenzana masaini nekuvhiringika kwemarginal.

       

Ichi chishandiso chine mapango maviri chinogona kubata ma frequency kubva kune akadzika uye akakwira, saka iwo akakwana kune chero munhu anoda kunzwa nhaurirano dzinofukidza dzakasiyana misoro pasina kuve neruzha rwemhando yepamusoro kutsungirira kana kubata chero matambudziko semhedzisiro yekupokana kutapurirana.

         

Iyo huru yeTV-yepamusoro antenna haisi nzvimbo iri pedyo ine simba sedzimwe nzira dzepamberi senge dipole rakapetwa. Aya antennas akanyanya kushomeka uye anopa iri nani chiratidzo-kune-ruzha reshiyo kupfuura zvinoita vanotangira.

       

Dipoles akapetwa ane magumo anodzokera kumashure akananga kunzvimbo, iyo inobatsira kuwedzera chiratidzo stamina - izvi zvinovaita kuti vataridzike uye vashande zvakanyanya!

        

Hafu-wave, pamwe nehafu-wave, yakapeta dipoles, inoshanda zvakanaka kune avo vanogara mufurati kana skyscraper condominiums. Ikoko, kamuri inorambidzwa nekuda kwekuti ivo havadi kamuri yese yakatsaurirwa kugamuchira masaini kubva kune ndiro antenna kana kunze kwemhepo.

          

Discone Antenna vs. Ground Ndege

Iyo ndege yepasi inoshanda zvirinani pane frequency siyana yayakarongedzerwa, asi kana iwe uri kutarisa yakakwana mhando yeantenna, inoshandawo saizvozvo. Dambudziko rekushandisa ese ari maviri, zvakadaro, ndiwo maitiro avanoita.

         

       

Nepo zvakazara, imwe ichave iri nani zvakanyanya kupfuura imwe zvichienderana nekuti ndeapi mafrequency aunoda kuti mumwe nemumwe ateerere, kugona kwavo kunogona kunge kwakanyanyisa, saka hapana kuudza zvingaite zvirinani kana zvichishandiswa nemumwe.

       

Discone Antenna Capacities

Iyo Discone antenna chimiro chekushanda chinoshandiswa kufambisa mafambiro kubva pa10 kHz kusvika pa1 GHz.

           

Inogona kuve yakaderera zvakanyanya kupfuura mamwe ma antenna akagadzirirwa mamwe maitiro akajairwa. Nekudaro, ichiri sarudzo inoshanda kana iwe uchida inshuwarisi yekuvhara mukati meakawanda maoctaves efrequencies senge-high-frequency mabhendi pamwe neakaderera-frequency zvakafanana.

        

           

Zvikamu zvitatu zvikuru zvinosanganisira dhisiki, iyo inounganidza masaisai eredhiyo kuti ivatumire kuburikidza nekoni, kwavanenge vari mushure meiyo yakakwidziridzwa isati yapedzisira yabuda munzvimbo nerubatsiro rwechimwe chinhu chekupedzisira, iyo insulator.

            

Disc

Iyo disc yeDiscone antenna inoda kuve nehukuru hwese hwakaenzana ne0.7 nguva yewavelength yeyakadzikira yakajairika - izvi zvinonyatso simbisa kunyatsoshanda uye kuitawo.

              

Kunze kwezvo, chikafu cheantennas aya chinoenda pakati, kwaanodyiswa necoax ine 50-ohm kuramba inofananidza network kuti ipe yakakwana yekubatanidza;

            

        

Mumwe kondakita anobatanidza akananga kubva pakati nepakati kuburikidza netambo kana faibha optic line, nepo imwezve ichirebesa kumusoro kuburikidza nekoni, iyo inoshanda sedhishi rinoratidzira.

       

Cone

Discone antenna inogadzirwa kuti ive nekona yekoni inosiyana kubva pamakumi maviri neshanu kusvika pamakumi mana. Iyo yakaderedzwa frequency, iyo yakakura kureba inodiwa kune yayo kota wavelength, inozoraira saizi pamwe negwara zvakakodzera.

      

Insulator

Iyo Discone antenna chimiro chakakurumbira chemhando yepamusoro-frequency. Kupatsanura dhisiki uye zvakare cone ine insulator kuchakanganisa zvimwe zvakakosha zvivakwa, kunyanya pama frequency ari padyo nemiganhu yerudzi urwu rweredhiyo dhizaini.

      

Discone Antenna Yakashata Kugamuchira

Zvinogara zvichitaurwa kuti Discone antennas haana kugashira zvakanaka, zvisinei, ichi hachisi chokwadi. Kazhinji, antenna yeDiscone inonyanya kunzwa kune yakakwira frequency pane yakaderera, uye saka vane tsika yekuwana masaini akasimba mumhando yepamusoro frequency arrays.

        

      

Nekudaro, zvimwe zvakasiyana-siyana zvinotamba zvinopfuura mwero wekunzwa zvinoratidzira kuti antenna ichave yakakura sei kwauri kunyanya - senge panowanikwa shongwe yako yepedyo kana kuti imhando ipi yekuvhiringidza ingavapo padhuze (senge idzo dzinobva kumatambo emagetsi).

         

Discone Antenna Frequency Variety

Discone antennas ari omnidirectional uye wideband, zvichiita kuti vavhare frequency array ine zviyero zve10: 1.

          

          

Izvi zvinoratidza kuti antenna yakafanana nebhendi rakakura! Unogona kutenga omnidirectional Discone ine 30-1300 MHz array, ichiita kuti ive pakati pevashoma varipo kune akadai ekutapurirana masimba.

        

Kuputira Kumusoro!

       

Zvakanaka, ndizvo zvanga zviri zvese paDiscone antenna 101. Sezvo waita tsvakiridzo yako paiyi antenna zvachose, unokwanisa kuita masvomhu ako kuti ingakubatsira iwe here kana kuti kwete.