Usati watenga nyanzvi yekufambisa nhepfenyuro yeFM, unogona kuona akawanda akaomarara paramita mune yakakura runyorwa rwevatambi. Imwe yeakakosha paramita inonzi SNR. Saka chii chinonzi SNR uye nei yakakosha? SNR inorevei kune nhepfenyuro? Zvinyorwa zvinotevera zvinogona kukupa ruzivo runobatsira. Ramba uchiongorora!

gutsikana

• Chii chinonzi Signal to Noise Ratio? Nei Huchikosha?
• Muenzaniso weSignal to Noise Ratio
• mhedziso
• Mibvunzo Inonyanya Kubvunzwa

Chii chinonzi Signal to Noise Ratio? Nei Huchikosha?

SNR kana S/N ndiyo chidimbu chechiratidzo-kune-ruzha reshiyo. Seyeyero paramende, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muminda yesainzi neinjiniya. Mukutaura kusina waya, SRN inoreva kuyerwa kwema decibels (dB), inovawo chiratidzo. Kuenzanisa kwenhamba kweyero yesimba uye nhanho yesimba reruzha.

Kana iyo SNR kukosha kwehunyanzvi kutepfenyura transmitter yakakwira, zvinoreva kuti nhepfenyuro yenhepfenyuro ndeyemhando yepamusoro. Sei? Nekuti iyo yakakura kukosha kweSNR yemutepfenyuro wekutepfenyura, ndiko kuti, iyo yakakura chiyero chesimba rechiratidzo kusvika padanho resimba reruzha, zvinoreva kuti mutepfenyura wako anowana ruzivo rwakawanda pane ruzha rwakawanda. Kana reshiyo yeSNR Ikakura kupfuura 0 dB kana yakakwira kupfuura 1:1, zvinoreva kuti kune chiratidzo chakawanda kupfuura ruzha. Pane zvinopesana, kana SNR iri pasi pe1: 1, zvinoreva kuti kune ruzha kupfuura ruzha.

Iwe unogona zvakare kuwana SNR yakatarwa mune zvakawanda zvekuteerera-kugadziridza zvigadzirwa, zvinosanganisira vatauri, nhare (isina waya kana zvimwe), mahedhifoni, maikorofoni, amplifiers, vanogamuchira, turntables, maredhiyo, CD/DVD/media player, PC makadhi anonzwika, Smartphones, mahwendefa, etc. Zvisinei, havasi vese vanogadzira vanoziva kukosha uku zvakajeka.

Ruzha chairwo runowanzo ratidzwa nechena kana yemagetsi muridzo kana static kana yakaderera kana vibrating hum. Wedzera inzwi remutauri usingatambe; kana ukanzwa muridzo, iruzha, iro rinowanzonzi "ruzha pasi." Kungofanana nefiriji mune yakambotsanangurwa chiitiko, ruzha rwekumashure runogara rwuripo.

Chero bedzi chiratidzo chinopinda chakasimba uye chakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura ruzha pasi, iyo odhiyo inochengetedza yemhando yepamusoro, inova ndiyo inosarudzika chiratidzo-ku-ruzha reshiyo yekuwana yakajeka uye yakarurama inzwi.

Zvino fungidzira kuti chiratidzo chaunoda idata rekutanga rine yakasimba kana yakamanikana kukanganisa kukanganisa, uye kune mamwe masaini anokanganisa chiratidzo chaunoda. Saizvozvowo, inoita kuti basa reanogamuchira kudzima chiratidzo chinodiwa exponentially inonetsa. Muchidimbu, ndicho chikonzero nei zvakakosha kuve nepamusoro-chiratidzo-ku-ruzha. Uye zvakare, mune zvimwe zviitiko, izvi zvinogona zvakare kureva mutsauko mukushanda kwemidziyo, uye mune zvese zviitiko, zvinokanganisa mashandiro pakati peanotumira uye anogamuchira.

Mune isina waya tekinoroji, kiyi yekushanda kwechishandiso ndechekuti mudziyo unogona kusiyanisa chiratidzo chekushandisa seruzivo rwepamutemo kubva kune chero ruzha rwekumashure kana chiratidzo pane spectrum. Izvi zvinopfupisa tsananguro yeyakajairwa SNR yakatarwa inoshandiswa pakuseta. Pamusoro pezvo, iwo mazinga andiri kureva zvakare anove nechokwadi chekushanda pasina waya.

Muenzaniso weSignal to Noise Ratio

Kunyangwe paine nzira dzakawanda dzekuyera kuita kwekunzwa kwevanogamuchira redhiyo, chiyero cheS/N kana SNR ndiyo imwe yenzira dzakananga, uye inoshandiswa mukushandisa kwakasiyana.

Iyo pfungwa yechiratidzo-kune-ruzha reshiyo inoshandiswawo mune mamwe akawanda minda, kusanganisira maodhiyo masisitimu uye mamwe akawanda edunhu dhizaini minda.

Chiratidzo-ku-ruzha chiyero chechiratidzo muhurongwa chiri nyore kunzwisisa, saka chave chichishandiswa zvakanyanya muminda yakawanda.

Zvisinei, ine zvakawanda zvinogumira. Kunyange zvazvo ichishandiswa zvikuru, dzimwe nzira dzinowanzoshandiswa, kusanganisira nhamba dzeruzha. Zvakangodaro, iyo S/N reshiyo kana SNR yakakosha kududzirwa uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kuyera kuita kweakawanda maRF edunhu madhizaini, kunyanya kunzwa kwevanogamuchira redhiyo.

Musiyano unowanzo kuratidzwa sereshiyo yechiratidzo kune ruzha S/N, kazhinji inoratidzwa mumadecibel. Sezvo iyo chiratidzo chekuisa nhanho sezviri pachena ine mhedzisiro pane iyi reshiyo, iyo yekuisa chiratidzo nhanho inofanirwa kupihwa. Izvi zvinowanzoratidzwa mu microvolts. Iyo chaiyo yekuisa nhanho inodiwa kupa chiratidzo-ku-ruzha reshiyo yegumi dB inowanzotsanangurwa.

Kana chiratidzo chikaitika chisina kusimba, unogona kufunga kuti vhoriyamu inoda kuwedzerwa kuti iwedzere kubuda. Nehurombo, kugadzirisa vhoriyamu kumusoro uye pasi kuchakanganisa pasi ruzha uye chiratidzo. Mumhanzi wacho unogona kuwedzera, asi ruzha rungadaro ruchawedzerawo. Iwe unongoda kuwedzera simba rechiratidzo cheiyo sosi kuti uwane mhedzisiro yaunoda. Mimwe michina ine hardware kana software zvinhu zvakagadzirirwa kuvandudza chiratidzo-ku-ruzha reshiyo.

Nehurombo, zvese zvikamu, kunyangwe tambo, wedzera imwe nhanho yeruzha kune odhiyo chiratidzo. Izvo zvakanakisa zvikamu zvakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza ruzha pasi zvakaderera sezvinobvira kuti uwedzere reshiyo. Chiratidzo-ku-ruzha reshiyo yeanalog zvishandiso senge amplifiers uye turntables kazhinji yakadzikira pane yemidziyo yedhijitari.

Kune masisitimu asina waya, ruzha rwako rweruzha rwunotsamira zvakanyanya pakuwana iyo yepamusoro-signal-to-noise reshiyo. Kuti tiwane yakakwira SBR, isu tinofanirwa kuziva chikonzero uye rudzi rweruzha rwuri mubvunzo. "Noise" inoreva chero rudzi rwekupindira kwechiratidzo chemakwikwi munzvimbo yemuviri-isingadiwe toni, static, kana mamwe ma frequency. Kana iwe ukashandisa isina waya maikorofoni, ruzha rwako runogonawo kuve mhedzisiro yeruzha rwechiteshi panguva yeFM. "FM", nekuti ese analog isina waya masisitimu anoshandisa frequency modulation kutumira masaini masaini. Chinhu chakakosha cheiyo FM maitiro ndeye kubata mhedzisiro: iyo isina waya inogamuchira inogara ichidhiza (shandura kuodhiyo) iyo yakasimba RF siginecha pane yakapihwa frequency, kusanganisira manzwi ausingadi.

mhedziso

Izvi zvinotiyeuchidza kuti kana tichitenga hunyanzvi hwekutepfenyura ma transmitters, tinogona kushandisa kukosha kwakazara kweiyo SNR reshiyo seimwe yemareferenzi emagetsi zviratidzo, asi hazvikurudzirwe sechiratidzo chega. Zvimwe zviratidzo zvemagetsi zveunyanzvi zvakadai sefrequency response uye harmonic distortion inofanira kuiswa mureferensi. Scope. Kana iwe usingazive nzira yekusarudza yakanakisa FM radio transmitter, ndapota bata FMUSER, isu tiri vekutanga-kirasi nyanzvi redhiyo chiteshi midziyo inogadzira.

FAQ

1. Chii chinonzi Signal to Noise Ratio muFM?

Kune iyo SSB-FM siginecha pamwe yakamanikana-bhendi Gaussian ruzha pane yekuisa (apo yekuisa SIGNAL KUTI NOISE RATIO yakakura), iyo chiratidzo-kune-ruzha chiyero (SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIO) pakubuda kweiyo yakanakira FM detector inotemerwa. sebasa reiyo modulation index.

2. Chii chinonzi Signal to Noise Ratio muRF?

Iyo pre-phase inowedzera amplitude yeakakwira chiratidzo frequency, nekudaro ichivandudza chiratidzo-kune-ruzha ratio ... Kana iyo FM yekuvandudza chinhu yakakura kupfuura 1, iyo SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIO kuvandudzwa kunogara kunouya pamubhadharo wekuwedzera bandwidth. munzira yekugamuchira uye yekutumira.

3. Chii chinonzi Signal to Noise Ratio muRF?

Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) haisi reshiyo, asi decibel (dB) kukosha iyo inoshandiswa kuyera mutsauko pakati pesimba rechiratidzo uye ruzha rwekumashure. Semuenzaniso, simba rechiratidzo ndi -56dBm, ruzha - 86dBm, uye chiratidzo-ku-ruzha reshiyo i30dB. Chiratidzo-ku-ruzha chiyero zvakare chinhu chakakosha chinoda kutariswa panguva yekuendesa.

4. Sei FM iine Signal Noise Ratio iri nani?

FM ine Noise kuderedza. Semuyenzaniso, zvichienzaniswa neAM, FM inopa irinani chiratidzo-ku-ruzha reshiyo (SIGNAL KUTI NOISE RATIO)... Sezvo iyo FM siginecha inogara iine amplitude, iyo FM inogamuchira kazhinji ine chinomisikidza kubvisa amplitude modulation ruzha, nekudaro kuwedzera kuwedzera chiratidzo-kune-ruzha reshiyo.

5. Sei Chiratidzo kune Noise Ratio yakakosha?

Kuita ruzha uye chiratidzo-ku-ruzha reshiyo ndiwo maparamita akakosha echero anogamuchira redhiyo... Zviripachena, iwo musiyano mukuru pakati pechiratidzo neruzha rusingadiwe, ndiko kuti, chiyero chikuru chechiratidzo-ku-ruzha kana chiratidzo-ku-- ruzha reshiyo, zviri nani kuita kwekunzwa kweredhiyo inogamuchira.